The relationship between menorrhagia, iron deficiency, and anaemia in recreationally active females: An exploratory population based screening study.

Objectives: Iron deficiency, anaemia, and menorrhagia - or heavy menstrual bleeding - are interrelated conditions that are highly prevalent and commonly underrecognised in exercising females of reproductive age. This study utilised a screening tool to identify risk factors and symptoms associated with heavy menstrual bleeding, iron deficiency, and anaemia in this population.

Design: An observational, cross sectional survey study was employed.

The SUB-urothelial DUrvalumab InjEction-1 (SUBDUE-1) trial: first-in-human trial in patients with bladder cancer.

Objectives: To assess the safety of sub-urothelial injection of durvalumab and examine the impact on tissue and circulating immune cell populations.

Patients And Methods: The patients were chemotherapy and immunotherapy naïve (bacille Calmette-Guérin allowed) with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer or non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer planned for radical cystectomy (RC). The study was a Phase Ib 3 + 3 dose-escalation design with sub-urothelial injection of durvalumab at three pre-determined doses (25, 75, 150 mg) diluted in 25 mL normal saline, injected at 25 locations (25 × 1 mL injections), at least 2 weeks before RC.

Preoperative iron therapy: Where are we?

Preoperative anemia affects one-third of patients undergoing major surgery and is associated with worse perioperative and postoperative outcomes; including length of hospital stay, allogeneic blood transfusion, morbidity, and mortality. Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia, and associative data suggests that preoperative correction of iron deficiency anemia could improve postoperative patient outcomes. However, data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) do not appear to support the routine use of iron therapy to treat preoperative anemia.

Intravenous Iron Therapy to Treat Anemia in Oncology: A Mapping Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Anemia is a common problem when patients present with cancer, and it can worsen during treatment. Anemia can directly impact the cognitive and physical quality of life and may impair fitness for oncological therapy. The most common cause of anemia is iron deficiency.

The Perceived Impact of Iron Deficiency and Iron Therapy Preference in Exercising Females of Reproductive Age: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Background: Patient perceptions of iron deficiency and efficacy of iron therapy may differ from the interpretations of doctors. Qualitative investigation at an individual level related may help define patient expectations and therapeutic targets. Therefore, we aimed to explore this concept in exercising females of reproductive age.

Identification of women and girls with iron deficiency in the reproductive years.

Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world. It is of concern for women and girls of reproductive age as, despite frequent normalization, excessive menstrual blood loss and the iron demands associated with pregnancy increase the risk of developing an ID. Iron deficiency reduces health-related quality of life with symptoms of fatigue, heart palpitations, difficulty concentrating, and poor mental health.

Preoperative predictors of high and low axillary nodal burden in Z0011 eligible breast cancer patients with a positive lymph node needle biopsy result.

Background: Z0011 trial showed that early breast cancer patients with low axillary nodal burden, may be spared an axillary lymph node dissection with no survival compromise. Axillary lymph node dissection can be reserved for patients with a high axillary nodal burden. We aim to determine the preoperative factors that could distinguish between low and high axillary nodal burden in Z0011 eligible patients with a needle biopsy proven metastatic node.

Ocular motor signatures of cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis.

The anatomical and functional overlap between ocular motor command circuitry and the higher-order networks that form the scaffolding for cognition makes for a compelling hypothesis that measures of ocular motility could provide a means to sensitively interrogate cognitive dysfunction in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Such an approach may ultimately provide objective and reproducible measures of cognitive dysfunction that offer an innovative capability to refine diagnosis, improve prognostication, and more accurately codify disease burden. A further dividend may be the validation and application of biomarkers that can be used in studies aimed at identifying and monitoring preventative, protective and even restorative properties of novel neurotherapeutics in MS.

Risk factors for contact lens-related fusarium keratitis: a case-control study in Singapore.

Objective: To evaluate the specific contact lens-related or other factors that may contribute to the outbreak of Fusarium keratitis.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted of Fusarium keratitis in contact lens users in Singapore from March 1, 2005, to May 31, 2006, and included 61 patients with Fusarium keratitis and 188 population-based and 179 hospital-based control subjects. Interviewers asked about contact lens solution use and other risk factors.