Lung cancer: changes in histology, gender, and age over the last 30 years in Brazil.

Objective: To describe the trends in tumor histology, gender and age among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with lung resection. The histology of lung cancer has changed in developed countries, and there is still little information available on the topic for developing countries.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 1,030 patients with NSCLC treated with lung resection between 1986 and 2015 at a university hospital in southern Brazil.

Retrograde orotracheal intubation with a double-lumen tube.

Background And Objectives: Difficult airway management in thoracic surgeries is a peculiar subject due to the demands of monopulmonary ventilation with double-lumen tubes. Flexible bronchoscopy guidance is extremely important, but it is not always available. The objective of this report was to describe a case of retrograde selective orotracheal intubation in the absence of specific endoscopy equipment for the procedure.