Immunolocalization and Ultrastructure Show Ingestion of Cry Protein Expressed in by and Its Mode of Action.

Great interest exists in developing a transgenic trait that controls the economically important soybean () pest, soybean cyst nematode (SCN, ), due to its adaptation to native resistance. Soybean plants expressing the delta-endotoxin, Cry14Ab, were recently demonstrated to control SCN in both growth chamber and field testing. In that communication, ingestion of the Cry14Ab toxin by SCN second stage juveniles (J2s) was demonstrated using fluorescently labeled Cry14Ab in an in vitro assay.

Development and Validation of a Resistance Management Model for the Soybean Cyst Nematode, .

Plant-parasitic nematodes are a key yield-limiting pest of crops around the world. Deployment of plant resistance genes are an important management tactic for many economically important plant-parasitic nematodes. The selection for virulence in nematode populations is a major threat to the effectiveness of resistance gene-based management.

Occurrence and Ear Damage of on Transgenic Maize in the Field in Texas, U.S. and Its Susceptibility to Vip3A Protein.

The corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), is a major pest of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize and cotton in the U.S..

Efficacy and Resistance Management Potential of a Modified Vip3C Protein for Control of Spodoptera frugiperda in Maize.

A modified Vip3C protein has been developed that has a spectrum of activity that has the potential to be commercially useful for pest control, and shows good efficacy against Spodoptera frugiperda in insect bioassays and field trials. For the first time Vip3A and Vip3C proteins have been compared to Cry1 and Cry2 proteins in a complete set of experiments from insect bioassays to competition binding assays to field trials, and the results of these complementary experiments are in agreement with each other. Binding assays with radiolabelled toxins and brush border membrane vesicles from S.

Risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in diabetic foot infections.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in patients hospitalized for diabetic foot infections.

Methods: We reviewed hospital admissions for foot infections in patients with diabetes which had nasal swabs, and anaerobic and aerobic tissue cultures at the time of admission. Data collected included patient characteristics and medical history to determine risk factors for developing an MRSA infection in the foot.

The mmgA gene from Bacillus subtilis encodes a degradative acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase.

Early in sporulation, the mother cell compartment of Bacillus subtilis transcribes the mother cell metabolic gene (mmg) operon. The gene mmgA was assigned by other workers using sequence homology as an acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase [E.C.

Does anodyne light therapy improve peripheral neuropathy in diabetes? A double-blind, sham-controlled, randomized trial to evaluate monochromatic infrared photoenergy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of anodyne monochromatic infrared photo energy (MIRE) in-home treatments over a 90-day period to improve peripheral sensation and self-reported quality of life in individuals with diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: This was a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trail. We randomly assigned 69 individuals with diabetes and a vibration perception threshold (VPT) between 20 and 45 V to two treatment groups: active or sham treatment.

Reevaluating the way we classify the diabetic foot: restructuring the diabetic foot risk classification system of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot.

Objective: To separately evaluate peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) and foot ulcer and amputation history in a diabetic foot risk classification to predict foot complications.

Research Design And Methods: We evaluated 1,666 diabetic patients for 27.2 +/- 4.