Practice-Based Models of Pediatric Mental Health Care.

Pediatric primary care is widely available in the United States and can help address the growing public health crisis in child and adolescent mental health by providing integrated behavioral health services. This article provides an overview of 3 common models of behavioral health integration in pediatric primary care settings: 1) the Child Psychiatry Access Program model, 2) the Primary Care Behavioral Health model, and 3) the Collaborative Care Model. Pediatric primary care practices may evaluate the different features of each model before adopting an approach for integration and consider tailoring it to their practice environments.

Comparison of a person-centered pregnancy prevention question and One Key Question to assess postpartum contraceptive needs.

Objectives: To explore the relevance of pregnancy intention as a screen for contraceptive needs among postpartum individuals.

Study Design: We surveyed 234 postpartum individuals to assess the alignment between pregnancy intentions in the next year and current desire to prevent pregnancy.

Results: Most individuals (87%) desired pregnancy prevention now, including 73% of individuals who desired or were ambivalent about pregnancy in the next year.

Postpartum Family Planning in Pediatrics: A Survey of Parental Contraceptive Needs and Health Services Preferences.

Objective: Infant well-child visits are increasingly being explored as opportunities to address parental postpartum health needs, including those related to reproductive health. To inform potential pediatric clinic-based interventions, this study assessed postpartum contraceptive needs and health services preferences.

Methods: We surveyed postpartum individuals attending 2 to 6-month well-child visits at three Northern California pediatric clinics (2019-20).

Admission and Care Practices in United States Well Newborn Nurseries.

Objectives: Late preterm and term infants comprise 97.3% of annual births in the United States. Admission criteria and the availability of medical interventions in well newborn nurseries are key determinants of these infants remaining within a mother-infant dyad or requiring a NICU admission and resultant separation of the dyad.

A Novel Inpatient Buprenorphine Induction Program for Adolescents With Opioid Use Disorder.

Background: Morbidity and mortality from nonprescribed opioid use and opioid use disorder (OUD) in adolescents have risen dramatically. Medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) with buprenorphine reduces nonprescribed opioid use and prevents overdoses, though <5% of adolescents with OUD have timely access, partly because of barriers associated with buprenorphine induction. Induction in an inpatient pediatric setting has the potential to address such barriers and improve adolescent MOUD access.

Meeting the Needs of Postpartum Women: Provider Perspectives on Maternal Contraceptive Care in Pediatric Settings.

Objective: Closely spaced, mistimed, and unwanted pregnancies are common among postpartum women and can lead to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Women inconsistently attend postpartum obstetric visits, though they reliably interface with pediatric providers during the postpartum months, presenting novel opportunities to identify and address unmet family planning needs.

Methods: We conducted a qualitative study to explore pediatric provider perspectives on addressing maternal family planning in three settings: a neonatal intensive care unit, a primary care clinic, and a high-risk infant follow-up clinic.

Interpregnancy Interval and Birth Outcomes: A Propensity Matching Study in the California Population.

Introduction: Previous studies that used traditional multivariable and sibling matched analyses to investigate interpregnancy interval (IPI) and birth outcomes have reached mixed conclusions about a minimum recommended IPI, raising concerns about confounding. Our objective was to isolate the contribution of interpregnancy interval to the risk for adverse birth outcomes using propensity score matching.

Methods: For this retrospective cohort study, data were drawn from a California Department of Health Care Access and Information database with linked vital records and hospital discharge records (2007-2012).

Management and Early Outcomes of Neonates Born to Women with SARS-CoV-2 in 16 U.S. Hospitals.

Objective: There is a paucity of evidence to guide the clinical care of late preterm and term neonates born to women with perinatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The objective of this case series is to describe early neonatal outcomes and inpatient management in U.S.

A Pilot Validation Study of the Newborn Behavioral Observations System: Associations with Salivary Cortisol and Temperament.

Objective: There are few standardized neonatal neurobehavioral instruments available for longitudinal child development research. We adapted an established clinical tool, the Newborn Behavioral Observations (NBO) system, for research by standardizing the administration protocol and expanding the 3-point coding scale to 5 points.

Methods: We administered the 5-point NBO to 144 racially/ethnically diverse late preterm or term infants born to low-income women (average age 5 weeks).

Meeting the Needs of Postpartum Women With and Without a Recent Preterm Birth: Perceptions of Maternal Family Planning in Pediatrics.

Objectives: Women face distinct barriers to meeting their reproductive health needs postpartum, especially women who deliver preterm. Pediatric encounters present unique opportunities to address women's family planning, particularly within 18 months of a prior pregnancy, when pregnancy has an elevated risk of an adverse outcome, such as preterm birth. To ensure maternal family planning initiatives are designed in a patient-centered manner, we explored perspectives on addressing reproductive health in a pediatric setting among women with and without a recent preterm delivery.

A Prospective Investigation of Prenatal Mood and Childbirth Perceptions in an Ethnically Diverse, Low-Income Sample.

Introduction: Few studies have examined prenatal mood as a means to identify women at risk for negative childbirth experiences. We explore associations between prenatal mood and birth perceptions in a socioeconomically diverse, American sample.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study of 136 predominantly low-income and ethnic minority women of mixed parity.