Replication kinetics, morphogenesis and interaction of shrimp parvovirus Penaeus stylirostris penstyldensovirus (PstDV1) in PmLyO-Sf9 cells.

Penaeus stylirostris penstyldensovirus (PstDV1) is one of the significant shrimp parvovirus which causes runt deformity syndrome in shrimps. In the current study, we attempted to elucidate the replication cycle of the virus in PmLyO-Sf9 cells. PstDV1 needs 4-5 h to complete replication in the cell line and release.

In vitro propagation of infectious hypodermal hematopoietic necrosis virus (Penaeus stylirostris penstyldensovirus) in PmLyO-Sf9 cells.

Infectious hypodermal hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV/PstDVI) was isolated and propagated in the hybrid shrimp-insect cell line PmLyO-Sf9. A few hours after inoculation with an infected tissue extract or virus suspension, cytopathic changes could be observed in the cell line, including clustering, enlargement, syncytium formation, granulation, vacuole formation, tapering, irregularities in the plasma membrane with extended tails, detachment, cell death, and accumulation of cellular debris. Expression of viral genes, the presence of virions, and cytological changes observed using transmission electron microscopy suggested replication of the virus in these cells.

Streptomyces artemisiae MCCB 248 isolated from Arctic fjord sediments has unique PKS and NRPS biosynthetic genes and produces potential new anticancer natural products.

After screening marine actinomycetes isolated from sediment samples collected from the Arctic fjord Kongsfjorden for potential anticancer activity, an isolate identified as Streptomyces artemisiae MCCB 248 exhibited promising results against the NCI-H460 human lung cancer cell line. H460 cells treated with the ethyl acetate extract of strain MCCB 248 and stained with Hoechst 33342 showed clear signs of apoptosis, including shrinkage of the cell nucleus, DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation. Further to this treated cells showed indications of early apoptotic cell death, including a significant proportion of Annexin V positive staining and evidence of DNA damage as observed in the TUNEL assay.

Pyocyanin induced in vitro oxidative damage and its toxicity level in human, fish and insect cell lines for its selective biological applications.

Pyocyanin is a redox active phenazine pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with broad antibiotic activity having pharmacological, aquaculture, agriculture and industrial applications. In the present work cytotoxicity induced by pyocyanin is demonstrated in a human embryonic lung epithelial cell line (L-132), a rainbow trout gonad cell line (RTG-2) and a Spodoptera frugiperda pupal ovarian cell line (Sf9). For toxicity evaluation, cellular morphology, mitochondrial function (XTT), membrane leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, neutral red uptake, affinity of electrostatic binding of protein with sulforhodamine B dyes, glucose metabolism, and reactive oxygen species, were assessed.

Potential application of beta-1, 3 glucanase from an environmental isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa MCCB 123 in fungal DNA extraction.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa MCCB 123 was grown in a synthetic medium for beta-1,3 glucanase production. From the culture filtrate, beta-1,3 glucanase was purified with a molecular mass of 45 kDa. The enzyme was a metallozyme as its beta-1,3 glucanase activity got inhibited by the metal chelator EDTA.

Multifactorial interaction of growth factors on Penaeus monodon lymphoid cells and the impact of IGFs in DNA synthesis and metabolic activity in vitro.

Development of continuous cell lines from shrimp is essential to investigate viral pathogens. Unfortunately, there is no valid cell line developed from crustaceans in general and shrimps in particular to address this issue. Lack of information on the requirements of cells in vitro limits the success of developing a cell line, where the microenvironment of a cell culture, provided by the growth medium, is of prime importance.

Establishment of shrimp cell lines: perception and orientation.

Development of continuous shrimp cell lines for effective investigation on shrimp viruses remains elusive with an arduous history of over 25 years. Despite presenting challenges to researchers in developing a cell line, the billion dollar aquaculture industry is under viral threat. Advances in molecular biology and various gene transfer technologies for immortalization of cells have resulted in the development of hundreds of cell lines from insects and mammals, but yet not a single cell line has been developed from shrimp and other marine invertebrates.

A novel medium for the development of in vitro cell culture system from Penaeus monodon.

Lack of a valid shrimp cell line has been hampering the progress of research on shrimp viruses. One of the reasons identified was the absence of an appropriate medium which would satisfy the requirements of the cells in vitro. We report the first attempt to formulate an exclusive shrimp cell culture medium (SCCM) based on the haemolymph components of Penaeus monodon prepared in isosmotic seawater having 27 ‰ salinity.

Alkaline protease from a non-toxigenic mangrove isolate of Vibrio sp. V26 with potential application in animal cell culture.

Vibrio sp. V26 isolated from mangrove sediment showed 98 % similarity to 16S rRNA gene of Vibrio cholerae, V. mimicus, V.

Lymphoid organ cell culture system from Penaeus monodon (Fabricius) as a platform for white spot syndrome virus and shrimp immune-related gene expression.

Shrimp cell lines are yet to be reported and this restricts the prospects of investigating the associated viral pathogens, especially white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). In this context, development of primary cell cultures from lymphoid organs was standardized. Poly-l-lysine-coated culture vessels enhanced growth of lymphoid cells, while the application of vertebrate growth factors did not, except insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).

Application of primary haemocyte culture of Penaeus monodon in the assessment of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of heavy metals and pesticides.

Lack of shrimp cell lines has hindered the study of pollutants which adversely affects shrimp health and its export value. In this context a primary haemocyte culture developed from Penaeus monodon was employed for assessing the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of two heavy metal compounds, cadmium chloride and mercuric chloride and two organophosphate insecticides, malathion and monocrotophos. Using MTT assay 12 h IC(50) values calculated were 31.