Real-time analysis of liquid jet sample delivery stability for an X-ray free-electron laser using machine vision.

Automated evaluation of optical microscopy images of liquid jets, commonly used for sample delivery at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), enables real-time tracking of the jet position and liquid jet hit rates, defined here as the proportion of XFEL pulses intersecting with the liquid jet. This method utilizes machine vision for preprocessing, feature extraction, segmentation and jet detection as well as tracking to extract key physical characteristics (such as the jet angle) from optical microscopy images captured during experiments. To determine the effectiveness of these tools in monitoring jet stability and enhancing sample delivery efficiency, we conducted XFEL experiments with various sample compositions (pure water, buffer and buffer with crystals), nozzle designs and jetting conditions.

Towards real-time analysis of liquid jet alignment in serial femtosecond crystallography.

Liquid sample delivery systems are used extensively for serial femtosecond crystallography at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs). However, misalignment of the liquid jet and the XFEL beam leads to the X-rays either partially or completely missing the sample, resulting in sample wastage and a loss of experiment time. Implemented here is an algorithm to analyse optical images using machine vision to determine whether there is overlap of the X-ray beam and liquid jet.

Prospective Evaluation of Role of Limb Reconstruction System (Rail External Fixator) in Open Fractures and Infected Non-union of Femur.

Introduction: Severe open fractures continue to be a nightmare for orthopedicians even with use of more accepted line of treatment. Open fractures and infected non-union of femur bone are not infrequently seen in orthopedic wards as femur is the most common long bone injured. We present a case series of 14 such patients treated successfully with limb reconstruction system enabling recovery to pre-injury status and activities.

Outcome of limb reconstruction system in tibial infected non-union and open tibial diaphysial fracture with bone loss.

Introduction: Incidence of open fractures of the long bones is increasing due to the increase in road traffic accidents (RTA) which leads to an increased incidence of complex non-unions of long bones. Patients are usually operated many times for fracture fixation (and healing) or to eradicate infection, which causes soft tissue scarring and devitalization of any surviving bone.

Objective: In this study, we assess the outcome of the Limb reconstruction system in tibial infected non-union and open tibial diaphyseal fracture with bone loss.

Dissolution enhancement of chlorzoxazone using cogrinding technique.

Purpose: The aim of the present work was to improve rate of dissolution and processing parameters of BCS class II drug, chlorzoxazone using cogrinding technique in the presence of different excipients as a carrier.

Materials And Methods: The drug was coground with various carriers like polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) E50LV, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)K30, Kaolin and Neusilin US2 using ball mill, where only PEG 4000 improved dissolution rate of drug by bringing amorphization in 1:3 ratio. The coground mixture after 3 and 6 h was evaluated for various analytical, physicochemical and mechanical parameters.

Quality by design approach for oral bioavailability enhancement of irbesartan by self-nanoemulsifying tablets.

The present investigation was aimed to develop self-nanoemulsifying tablets (SNETs) as novel nanosized solid oral dosage forms for Irbesartan (IRB). In the first part of the investigation, IRB-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) were developed using Capryol 90 - Cremophor RH40 - Transcutol P as three component (oil - surfactant - cosurfactant) SNEDDS system. On the basis of ternary phase diagram IRB-loaded SNEDDS were optimized by using Design of Experiments (DoE) and Principal component analysis (PCA) with amount of oil and surfactant: cosurfactant ratio (Km) as factors.

Formulation and evaluation of periodontal in situ gel.

Background: The present study was aimed to develop and optimize in situ gel for the treatment of periodontal disease.

Materials And Methods: Temperature-sensitive in situ gel containing 0.1% w/v Chlorhexidine hydrochloride was formulated by cold method using different polymers.

Preparation and evaluation of agglomerated crystals by crystallo-co-agglomeration: an integrated approach of principal component analysis and Box-Behnken experimental design.

Poor mechanical properties of crystalline drug particles require wet granulation technique for tablet production which is uneconomical, laborious, and tedious. The present investigation was aimed to improve flow and mechanical properties of racecadotril (RCD), a poorly water soluble antidiarrheal agent, by a crystallo-co-agglomeration (CCA) technique. The influence of various excipients and processing conditions on formation of directly compressible agglomerates of RCD was evaluated.

Influence of excipients and processing conditions on the development of agglomerates of racecadotril by crystallo-co-agglomeration.

Purpose: The purpose of the present investigation was to improve the flow and mechanical properties of racecadotril by a crystallo-co-agglomeration (CCA) technique. Direct tableting is a requirement of pharmaceutical industries. Poor mechanical properties of crystalline drug particles require wet granulation which is uneconomical, laborious, and tedious.

Development and Evaluation of Carbon Nanotubes Doped Sustained Release Microspheres of Metoprolol Tartrate.

A highly water soluble antihypertensive drug, metoprolol tartrate (MT) was selected as a model drug for preparation ofmulti-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) impregnated ethyl cellulose (EC) microspheres with aim to increase encapsulation efficiency and sustained release rate. Carbon nanotubesdrug adsorbate (MWCNTs:MT) loaded EC microspheres were optimized by Central Composite Design of experiment. The effects of independent variables (MWCNTs:MT and EC:adsorbate) were evaluated on responses like entrapment efficiency (EE) and time required for 50% drug release (t50).

Influence of polymers/excipients on development of agglomerated crystals of secnidazole by crystallo-co-agglomeration technique to improve processability.

Background: Direct tabletting is a need of Pharmaceutical industries. Poor mechanical properties of drug particles require wet granulation which is uneconomical, laborious, and tedious.

Objective: Objective of this work was to study influence of various polymers/excipients on formation of directly compressible Crystallo-co-agglomerates (CCA) of water soluble drug Secnidazole (hydroxy-2-propyl)-1-methyl-2-nitro-5-imidazole), an antimicrobial agent.

Formulation and development of a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of irbesartan.

Irbesartan (IRB) is an angiotensin II receptor blocker antihypertensive agent. The aim of the present investigation was to develop a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) to enhance the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble IRB. The solubility of IRB in various oils was determined to identify the oil phase of SNEDDS.

Solubility of aceclofenac in polyamidoamine dendrimer solutions.

In the present study we investigated the effect of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers on the aqueous solubility of aceclofenac. The aqueous solubility of aceclofenac was measured in the presence of dendrimers in distilled water. The effect of variables, such as pH condition, concentration, temperature and generation (molecule size) of dendrimer, has been investigated.

Design and development of a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for telmisartan for oral drug delivery.

Background And Aim: Telmisartan (TEL) is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) antihypertensive agent. The aim of the present investigation was to develop a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) to enhance the oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble TEL.

Materials And Methods: The solubility of TEL in various oils was determined to identify the oil phase of a SNEDDS.

Development of the UV spectrophotometric method of Olmesartan medoxomil in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulation and stress degradation studies.

A simple, sensitive, specific, spectrophotometric method was developed for the detection of Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. The optimum conditions for the analysis of the drug were established. OLM was subjected to stress degradation under different conditions recommended by the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH).