MiR-378 controls cardiac hypertrophy by combined repression of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway factors.

Background: Several microRNAs (miRs) have been shown to regulate gene expression in the heart, and dysregulation of their expression has been linked to cardiac disease. miR-378 is strongly expressed in the mammalian heart but so far has been studied predominantly in cancer, in which it regulates cell survival and tumor growth.

Methods And Results: Here, we report tight control of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through miR-378.