Stereo-electroencephalographic seizure localization in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis: A single center experience.

Objective: Epilepsy patients with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) on imaging who are drug-resistant usually undergo epilepsy surgery without previous invasive evaluation. However, up to one-third of patients are not seizure-free after surgery. Prior studies have identified risk factors for surgical failure, but it is unclear if they are associated with bilateral or discordant seizure onset.

Real-Time Seizure Detection Using Behind-the-Ear Wearable System.

Introduction: This study examines the usability and comfort of a behind-the-ear seizure detection device called brain seizure detection (BrainSD) that captures ictal electroencephalogram (EEG) data using four scalp electrodes.

Methods: This is a feasibility study. Thirty-two patients admitted to a level 4 Epilepsy Monitoring Unit were enrolled.

Interictal Epileptiform Discharge Detection Using Multi-Head Deep Convolutional Neural Network.

Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) are intermittent electrophysiological events that occur in patients with epilepsy between seizures. Automated detection of IEDs helps clinician to identify cortical irritations and relations to seizure recurrence. It also reduces the necessity of visual inspection by physicians interpreting the EEG.

SEEG-based epileptic seizure network modeling and analysis for pre-surgery evaluation.

Stereo-electroencephalography is a minimally invasive technique for patients with refractory epilepsy pursuing surgery to reduce or control seizures. Electrodes are implanted based on pre-surgery evaluations and can collect deep brain activities for surgery decisions. This paper presents a methodology to analyze stereo-electroencephalography and assist clinicians by recommending the optimal surgical option and target areas for focal epilepsy patients.

Clinical features, concurrent disorders, and survival time in cats with suppurative cholangitis-cholangiohepatitis syndrome.

Objective: To characterize clinical features, comorbidities, frequency of bacterial isolation, and survival time in cats with suppurative cholangitis-cholangiohepatitis syndrome (S-CCHS).

Animals: 168 client-owned cats with S-CCHS.

Procedures: Data were prospectively (1980 to 2019) collected regarding clinical features, comorbidities, bacterial infection, illness duration, and treatments.

Relationships between congenital peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia or congenital central diaphragmatic hernia and ductal plate malformations in dogs and cats.

Objective: To characterize the association between peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) or congenital central diaphragmatic hernia (CCDH) and ductal plate malformations (DPMs) in dogs and cats.

Animals: 18 dogs and 18 cats with PPDH or CCDH and 19 dogs and 18 cats without PPDH or CCDH.

Procedures: Evaluation of clinical details verified PPDH or CCDH and survival times.

Emergency department visits and readmissions in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) at a safety net hospital.

Introduction: Readmissions and emergency department (ED) visits after an index admission have been become a quality measure due to associations with poor outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Readmissions and ED encounters have been studied in a variety of conditions including epilepsy but have not been examined exclusively in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). In this study we examined the rate of readmissions and ED visits after a discharge from an Epilepsy Monitoring Unit (EMU) in a safety net hospital.

Emergent Admissions to the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit in the Setting of COVID-19 Pandemic-related, State-mandated Restrictions: Clinical Decision Making and Outcomes.

Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the state of Texas-limited elective procedures to conserve beds and personal protective equipment (PPE); therefore, between March 22 and May 18, 2020, admission to the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) was limited only to urgent and emergent cases. We evaluated clinical characteristics and outcomes of these patients who were admitted to the EMU. Nineteen patients were admitted (one patient twice) with average age of 36.

Non-lesional mesial temporal lobe epilepsy requires bilateral invasive evaluation.

Purpose: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) usually responds well to surgical treatment, although in non-lesional cases up to 50% of patients experience seizure relapse. The possibility of bilateral independent seizure onset should be considered as a reason for epilepsy surgery failure.

Methods: In a cohort of 177 patients who underwent invasive presurgical evaluation with stereo-tactically placed electrodes in two level four epilepsy centers, 29 had non-lesional MTLE.

Personalized EEG Feature Selection for Low-Complexity Seizure Monitoring.

Approximately, one third of patients with epilepsy are refractory to medical therapy and thus can be at high risk of injuries and sudden unexpected death. A low-complexity electroencephalography (EEG)-based seizure monitoring algorithm is critically important for daily use, especially for wearable monitoring platforms. This paper presents a personalized EEG feature selection approach, which is the key to achieve a reliable seizure monitoring with a low computational cost.

Feature Selection Using F-statistic Values for EEG Signal Analysis.

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a highly complex and non-stationary signal that reflects the cortical electric activity. Feature selection and analysis of EEG for various purposes, such as epileptic seizure detection, are highly in demand. This paper presents an approach to enhance classification performance by selecting discriminative features from a combined feature set consisting of frequency domain and entropy based features.

Postoperative oxygenation in healthy dogs following mechanical ventilation with fractions of inspired oxygen of 0.4 or >0.9.

Objective: To evaluate arterial oxygenation during the first 4 postoperative hours in dogs administered different fractions of inspired oxygen (FiO) during general anesthesia with mechanical ventilation.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized clinical trial.

Animals: A total of 20 healthy female dogs, weighing >15 kg and body condition scores 3-7/9, admitted for ovariohysterectomy.

Cannabis and Epilepsy.

In recent years, the use of cannabidiol in the treatment of refractory epilepsy has been increasingly investigated and has been gaining public support as a novel way to treat these disorders. Marijuana has been used for medical purposes for thousands of years, and a lot of research has been conducted over the last several decades into the chemistry and pharmacology of marijuana and its many compounds, including cannabidiol. Using PubMed, we performed a review of the literature regarding the history of cannabinoid use in treating epilepsy.

Efficacy and safety of eslicarbazepine acetate monotherapy in patients converting from carbamazepine.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of prior use of carbamazepine (CBZ) and other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) with a putatively similar mechanism of action (inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels; VGSCs) on seizure outcomes and tolerability when converting to eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL), using data pooled from 2 controlled conversion-to-ESL monotherapy trials (studies: 093-045, 093-046).

Methods: Adults with treatment-resistant focal (partial-onset) seizures were randomized 2:1 to ESL 1600 or 1200 mg once daily. The primary efficacy endpoint was study exit (meeting predefined exit criteria related to worsening seizure control) versus an historical control group.

Effects of two fractions of inspired oxygen during anesthesia on early postanesthesia oxygenation in healthy dogs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of 2 fractions of inspired oxygen (Fios) during anesthesia on postanesthesia Pao and other measures of oxygen exchange. ANIMALS 22 healthy adult sexually intact female dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy by ventral midline celiotomy. PROCEDURES Dogs were randomly assigned to receive either oxygen (Fio > 0.

Influence of titration schedule and maintenance dose on the tolerability of adjunctive eslicarbazepine acetate: An integrated analysis of three randomized placebo-controlled trials.

Objective: To examine the influence of titration schedule and maintenance dose on the incidence and type of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) associated with adjunctive eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL).

Methods: Data from three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials were analyzed. Patients with refractory partial-onset seizures were randomized to maintenance doses of ESL 400, 800, or 1200mg QD (dosing was initiated at 400 or 800mg QD) or placebo.

Detection of generalized tonic-clonic seizures using surface electromyographic monitoring.

Objective: A prospective multicenter phase III trial was undertaken to evaluate the performance and tolerability in the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) of an investigational wearable surface electromyographic (sEMG) monitoring system for the detection of generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCSs).

Methods: One hundred ninety-nine patients with a history of GTCSs who were admitted to the EMU in 11 level IV epilepsy centers for clinically indicated video-electroencephalographic monitoring also received sEMG monitoring with a wearable device that was worn on the arm over the biceps muscle. All recorded sEMG data were processed at a central site using a previously developed detection algorithm.

Automated seizure detection using limited-channel EEG and non-linear dimension reduction.

Electroencephalography (EEG) is an essential component in evaluation of epilepsy. However, full-channel EEG signals recorded from 18 to 23 electrodes on the scalp is neither wearable nor computationally effective. This paper presents advantages of both channel selection and nonlinear dimension reduction for accurate automatic seizure detection.

Multi-Biosignal Analysis for Epileptic Seizure Monitoring.

Persons who suffer from intractable seizures are safer if attended when seizures strike. Consequently, there is a need for wearable devices capable of detecting both convulsive and nonconvulsive seizures in everyday life. We have developed a three-stage seizure detection methodology based on 339 h of data (26 seizures) collected from 10 patients in an epilepsy monitoring unit.

Idiopathic Canine Laryngeal Paralysis as One Sign of a Diffuse Polyneuropathy: An Observational Study of 90 Cases (2007-2013).

Objective: To determine survival and incidence of complications in dogs with idiopathic laryngeal paralysis (ILP) and concurrent neurologic signs.

Study Design: Observational study.

Animals: Dogs (n = 90) with ILP.

Efficacy and safety of conversion to monotherapy with eslicarbazepine acetate in adults with uncontrolled partial-onset seizures: a randomized historical-control phase III study based in North America.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) as monotherapy in North American patients with partial-onset seizures (POS).

Methods: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind "withdrawal to monotherapy" study used historical control data as the comparator. Adults with POS medically uncontrolled by one to two antiepileptic drugs gradually converted to ESL monotherapy.

Eslicarbazepine acetate as adjunctive therapy in patients with uncontrolled partial-onset seizures: Results of a phase III, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjunctive eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) in patients with refractory partial-onset seizures.

Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group, phase III study was conducted at 173 centers in 19 countries, including the United States and Canada. Eligible patients were aged ≥16 years and had uncontrolled partial-onset seizures despite treatment with 1-2 antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).

Gallbladder disease in Shetland Sheepdogs: 38 cases (1995-2005).

Objective: To determine risk, clinical features, and treatment responses for gallbladder disorders in Shetland Sheepdogs.

Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Animals: 38 Shetland Sheepdogs with gallbladder disease.

Use of recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator in a dog with chylothorax secondary to catheter-associated thrombosis of the cranial vena cava.

A 4-year-old, castrated male Maltese developed cranial vena caval thrombosis and chylothorax following central venous catheterization for treatment of postoperative sepsis. Vena caval thrombolysis was attempted using recombinant human tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA). Thrombolytic therapy led to an acute reduction in the size of the caval thrombus and was followed by prompt resolution of the chylothorax.