Musculoskeletal and Psychological Rehabilitation.

Background: Although it has long been believed that stress has a detrimental effect on health and the risk of disease, little research has been done on the precise mechanisms by which this happens. The literature produced by past workers suggests many possibly intersecting mechanistic pathways that might be useful for future fundamental and clinical study. Exercise has been thoroughly researched as a non-pharmacologic strategy to increase bone mass.

Alternative Medical Therapy.

Background: Complementary/alternative medicine" (CAM) is defined as a diverse range of medical treatments, largely non-allopathic, mostly traditional, and not integrated into the authoritarian healthcare system. Interestingly for some schools, allopathy is alternative/complementary therapy. Osteoporosis is an ever-known disease treated before the era of allopathic medicine.