Voice-controlled devices are in demand due to their hands-free controls. However, using voice-controlled devices in sensitive scenarios like smartphone applications and financial transactions requires protection against fraudulent attacks referred to as "speech spoofing". The algorithms used in spoof attacks are practically unknown; hence, further analysis and development of spoof-detection models for improving spoof classification are required.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConventional tracking approaches track objects using a rectangle bounding box. Gait, gesture and many medical analyses require non-rigid shape extraction. A non-rigid object tracking is more difficult because it needs more accurate object shape and background separation in contrast to rigid bounding boxes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: An approach based on QR decomposition, to remove speckle noise from medical ultrasound images, is presented in this paper.
Methods: The speckle noisy image is segmented into small overlapping blocks. A global covariance matrix is calculated by averaging the corresponding covariances of the blocks.