Perioperative testosterone supplementation improves outcomes of orthopedic surgeries: A Systematic review of heterogeneous studies.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of perioperative testosterone supplementation on orthopedic surgical outcomes.

Methods: Three online databases were searched from database inception until September 2024. Three reviewers independently screened all titles, abstracts, and full-texts of articles investigating perioperative testosterone use in orthopedic surgery.

Heterostructure growth, electrical transport and electronic structure of crystalline Dirac nodal arc semimetal PtSn.

Topological semimetals have recently garnered widespread interest in the quantum materials research community due to their symmetry-protected surface states with dissipationless transport which have potential applications in next-generation low-power electronic devices. One such material, [Formula: see text], exhibits Dirac nodal arcs and although the topological properties of single crystals have been investigated, there have been no reports in crystalline thin film geometry. We examined the growth of [Formula: see text] heterostructures on a range of single crystals by optimizing the electron beam evaporation of Pt and Sn and studied the effect of vacuum thermal annealing on phase and crystallinity.

In vitro and ex vivo screening of microRNA combinations with enhanced cell penetrating peptides to stimulate intervertebral disc regeneration.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is predominantly caused by degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD) and central nucleus pulposus (NP) region. Conservative treatments fail to restore disc function, motivating the exploration of nucleic acid therapies, such as the use of microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs have the potential to modulate expression of discogenic factors, while silencing the catabolic cascade associated with degeneration.

Feasibility, validity, and normative data for the remote Uniform Data Set neuropsychological battery at the University of Pennsylvania Alzheimer's Disease Research Center.

Introduction: We investigated the feasibility and validity of the remotely-administered neuropsychological battery from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set (UDS T-Cog).

Methods: Two hundred twenty Penn Alzheimer's Disease Research Center participants with unimpaired cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia completed the T-Cog during their annual UDS evaluation. We assessed administration feasibility and diagnostic group differences cross-sectionally across telephone versus videoconference modalities, and compared T-Cog to prior in-person UDS scores longitudinally.

Establishing national diagnostic reference levels in fluoroscopy and fluoroscopically guided interventions in Ireland and comparing these with national diagnostic reference levels in Europe and internationally.

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to establish national Irish diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for a clinically representative and comprehensive list of clinical indications, anatomical regions, and common procedures for fluoroscopy and fluoroscopically guided interventions and compare these, where possible, to other DRLs established at a national level.

Method: A list of clinical indications, anatomical regions and common procedures was established. A national database of service providers was used to identify all medical radiological facilities providing fluoroscopy and fluoroscopically guided intervention services.

Meeting international self-report muscle strengthening guidelines is associated with better cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity in adults.

Engaging in muscle strengthening activities (e.g., resistance training) at least twice/week is promoted by (Inter)national movement guidelines.

Impact of tillage, cover crop, and in situ bioreactors on nutrient loss from an artificially drained Midwestern Mollisol.

Nutrient losses via subsurface tile cause environmental degradation of aquatic ecosystems. Various management practices are primarily aimed at reduction of nitrate leaching in tile discharge; however, studies on leaching of other nutrients are limited. A replicated plot experiment was initiated in 2016 as part of the Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network Croplands Common Experiment to quantify the effectiveness of management practices on leaching of NO-N, total P, K, and S from drained soils.

The application of environmental health assessment strategies to detect Streptococcus pyogenes in Kimberley school classrooms.

Background: Children spend almost one-third of their waking hours at school. Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep A) is a common childhood bacterial infection that can progress to causing serious disease. We aimed to detect Strep A in classrooms by using environmental settle plates and swabbing of high-touch surfaces in two remote schools in the Kimberley, Western Australia.

Understanding Cognitive Aging Through White Matter: A Fixel-Based Analysis.

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has been frequently used to examine age-related deterioration of white matter microstructure and its relationship to cognitive decline. However, typical tensor-based analytical approaches are often difficult to interpret due to the challenge of decomposing and (mis)interpreting the impact of crossing fibers within a voxel. We hypothesized that a novel analytical approach capable of resolving fiber-specific changes within each voxel (i.

From banks to burrows: Habitat preferences and nesting behaviours of platypuses in the Snowy River.

Platypuses are a unique freshwater mammal native to eastern Australia. They are semi-aquatic, predominantly nocturnal, and nest in burrows dug into the banks of waterbodies. Quantifying nesting burrow characteristics is challenging due to the species' cryptic nature.

Speciation and Aqueous Dissolution of Macronutrients in Fire Ash: Variation across Ecosystems and the Effects on Nutrient Cycling.

This study investigated the speciation and aqueous dissolution of macronutrients in fire ash from diverse ecosystems and speciation of ash and smoke from laboratory burning, exploring the variations and their causes. The speciation of phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), and potassium (K) in fire ash from five globally distributed ecosystems was characterized by using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and sequential fractionation. Aqueous dissolution of the macronutrients was measured by batch experiments at acidic and alkaline pHs.

Linking Foraging Behaviour and Habitat Preferences During Moult Across Multiple Populations of Red-Throated Diver.

Understanding the habitat use of individuals can facilitate methods to measure the degree to which populations will be affected by potential stressors. Such insights can be hard to garner for marine species that are inaccessible during phases of their annual cycles. Here, we quantify the link between foraging habitat and behaviour in an aquatic bird of high conservation concern, the red-throated diver () across three breeding populations (Finland, Iceland and Scotland) during their understudied moult period.

Evaluating video-supported layperson CPR compared to a standard training course: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: While just-in-time (JIT) training is associated with time and cost savings, limited evidence directly compares layperson CPR performance using JIT videos to in-person CPR courses. We measured layperson CPR performance using a JIT video compared to an in-person course or no training.

Methods: Adult employees at a professional sports stadium were randomized to perform CPR in a simulated scenario a) after completing an AHA HeartSaver® course, b) using a JIT training video, or c) neither (control).

Association of Hepatic Gene Expression with Chemical Concentrations in Wild-Collected Double-Crested Cormorant Embryos using an EcoToxChip Gene Array.

Contaminant monitoring programs use wild bird eggs, but determining whether measured concentrations elicit adverse effects relies on extrapolation from toxicity studies with avian model species. Here, we directly evaluated the relationships between whole embryo contaminant concentrations and mRNA expression in liver tissue of the double-crested cormorant (). Eggs collected from three North American sites (one from Lake Erie and two from the Salish Sea) were artificially incubated until pipping.

Multi-omic integration with human DRG proteomics highlights TNFα signalling as a relevant sexually dimorphic pathway.

The peripheral nervous system has been widely implicated in pathological conditions that exhibit distinct clinical presentations in men and women, most notably in chronic pain disorders. Here, we explored this sexual dimorphism at a molecular level. We expanded the available omics landscape in the PNS to include quantitative proteomics of the human dorsal root ganglia (hDRG) and nerve.

More absolute moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with better health-related quality of life in outpatients with an acquired brain injury.

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a patient-perceived measure of physical, social, and emotional health. Acquired brain injury (ABI) occurs due to damage to the brain after birth. Individuals with an ABI typically present with reduced HRQoL and require additional support to maintain their HRQoL.

Beyond cholangiocarcinoma: imaging features of mimicking pathologies in the biliary tract.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common primary malignancy of the hepatobiliary system and presents as a heterogeneous disease with three distinct morphological subtypes: mass-forming, periductal-infiltrating, and intraductal-growing, each characterized by distinguishing imaging features. Accurate diagnosis of CCA is challenging due to the overlap of imaging findings with a broad range of benign and malignant conditions. Therefore, it is essential for radiologists to recognize these mimickers and offer a reasonable differential diagnosis, as this has a significant impact on patient management.

A Modified Delphi Process to Achieve Consensus on Social/Administrative Science Topics in Pharmacy Curricula.

Objective: To identify a consensus among pharmacy educators regarding relevant social/administrative science (SAS) topic areas and their priorities within pharmacy curricula.

Methods: A modified Delphi process was conducted with members of selected American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) affinity groups as the expert panel. Eighty-three potential topic areas across 12 domains were gathered via an informal literature review.

Enhanced gait tracking measures for individuals with stroke using leg-worn inertial sensors.

Background: Clinical gait analysis plays a pivotal role in diagnosing and treating walking impairments. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) offer a low-cost, portable, and practical alternative to traditional gait analysis equipment, making these techniques more accessible beyond specialized clinics. Previous work and algorithms developed for specific clinical populations, like in individuals with Parkinson's disease, often do not translate effectively to other groups, such as stroke survivors, who exhibit significant variability in their gait patterns.

Tracing the transmission of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales at the patient: ward environmental nexus.

Introduction: Colonisation and infection with Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) in healthcare settings poses significant risks, especially for vulnerable patients. Genomic analysis can be used to trace transmission routes, supporting antimicrobial stewardship and informing infection control strategies. Here we used genomic analysis to track the movement and transmission of CREs within clinical and environmental samples.

Effectiveness of tofacitinib versus tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and in those receiving tofacitinib as different lines of therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the United States CorEvitas Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry.

Objectives: To compare effectiveness of tofacitinib versus tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), and across tofacitinib lines of therapy, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), using US CorEvitas RA Registry data.

Methods: Analysis included patients with RA initiating tofacitinib or TNFi with a 12-month follow-up visit between November 2012-February 2021. Primary (Clinical Disease Activity Index-defined low disease activity [CDAI-LDA: CDAI ≤ 10]) and secondary (clinical/disease activity/patient-reported) effectiveness outcomes were assessed at month 12.