Purified cannabidiol leads to improvement of severe treatment-resistant behavioral symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of purified cannabidiol as an add-on medication in pediatric patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) associated with treatment resistant repetitive behaviors, behavior disorders, and intellectual disability and unresponsive to conventional medications and behavioral interventions.

Material And Methods: A prospective, observational, before-and-after study was conducted including 20 patients with severe ASD who initiated treatment with purified CBD. Patients were evaluated using different scales at baseline and at three-month intervals during followup.

Correlation between inflammatory parameters and pituitary-thyroid axis in patients with COVID-19.

Purpose: Inflammation plays a critical role in the progression of COVID-19. Nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) has been increasingly recognized in affected patients. We aim to evaluate the correlation of thyroid hormones with markers of inflammation and association with disease outcome in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and in two profiles of NTIS (low T3-normal/low FT4 vs.

[Survival in a cohort of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease according to GOLD 2017 classification].

Until now, there is no information on the evolution of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) according to the new GOLD classification. The objective of this study was to determine, in a cohort of patients with COPD followed by twenty years, the impact of the change to the new classification: survival by groups and their association with other variables such as comorbidities. COPD patients (GOLD 2017 definition) were evaluated with follow-up since January 1996 to December 2016.

Differences in response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive patients being treated for tuberculosis in Eastern Europe, Western Europe and Latin America.

Background: Efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens are preferred for treatment of adult HIV-positive patients co-infected with tuberculosis (HIV/TB). Few studies have compared outcomes among HIV/TB patients treated with efavirenz or non-efavirenz containing regimens.

Methods: HIV-positive patients aged ≥16 years with a diagnosis of tuberculosis recruited to the TB:HIV study between Jan 1, 2011, and Dec 31, 2013 in 19 countries in Eastern Europe (EE), Western Europe (WE), and Latin America (LA) who received ART concomitantly with TB treatment were included.

Antiretroviral therapy and arterial elasticity in HIV-infected patients.

Cardiovascular risk is increased in HIV-infected patients and has become a leading cause of morbi-mortality in this population. The purpose of this study is to compare HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and ART-naïve HIV-infected patients regarding arterial elasticity. From September 2010 to September 2015, 105 HIV-infected subjects were enrolled, 41 ART-naïve and 64 on ART with stable viral suppression.

Late diagnosis of HIV infection in asymptomatic patients.

Recent findings from the START Trial provided evidence that early initiation of antiretroviral treatment should be implemented as the global standard of care. However, a large proportion of patients are still being diagnosed in late stages. Our objective was to evaluate the temporal trend in the CD4+ cell count at diagnosis during a 13 year period and the factors associated with late HIV diagnosis in asymptomatic individuals tested in the Centre for Prevention, Counselling and Diagnosis of our hospital.

Tuberculosis-related mortality in people living with HIV in Europe and Latin America: an international cohort study.

Background: Management of tuberculosis in patients with HIV in eastern Europe is complicated by the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, low rates of drug susceptibility testing, and poor access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). We report 1 year mortality estimates from a multiregional (eastern Europe, western Europe, and Latin America) prospective cohort study: the TB:HIV study.

Methods: Consecutive HIV-positive patients aged 16 years or older with a diagnosis of tuberculosis between Jan 1, 2011, and Dec 31, 2013, were enrolled from 62 HIV and tuberculosis clinics in 19 countries in eastern Europe, western Europe, and Latin America.

Major Challenges in Clinical Management of TB/HIV Coinfected Patients in Eastern Europe Compared with Western Europe and Latin America.

Objectives: Rates of TB/HIV coinfection and multi-drug resistant (MDR)-TB are increasing in Eastern Europe (EE). We aimed to study clinical characteristics, factors associated with MDR-TB and predicted activity of empiric anti-TB treatment at time of TB diagnosis among TB/HIV coinfected patients in EE, Western Europe (WE) and Latin America (LA).

Design And Methods: Between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013, 1413 TB/HIV patients (62 clinics in 19 countries in EE, WE, Southern Europe (SE), and LA) were enrolled.

Major challenges in clinical management of TB/HIV co-infected patients in Eastern Europe compared with Western Europe and Latin America.

Introduction: Rates of both TB/HIV co-infection and multi-drug-resistant (MDR) TB are increasing in Eastern Europe (EE). Data on the clinical management of TB/HIV co-infected patients are scarce. Our aim was to study the clinical characteristics of TB/HIV patients in Europe and Latin America (LA) at TB diagnosis, identify factors associated with MDR-TB and assess the activity of initial TB treatment regimens given the results of drug-susceptibility tests (DST).

[Adverse drug reactions and prescription errors: morbi-mortality].

Pharmacovigilance aims to detect, assess, understand and prevent any possible drug-related problem. The record of information related to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) after drug approval and risk management based on observational data are crucial for public health. The main goal was to assess the ADRs morbimortality and to describe prescription medical errors in a public hospital in the city of Buenos Aires.

Two cases of Saint Louis encephalitis in HIV-1 infected patients in Buenos Aires.

Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLE) is a mosquito borne disease. Only a small proportion of cases progress to severe clinical forms. There have been few reports on HIV-infected patients and the relationship between immunodeficiency and the course of the disease remains unclear.

Mortality from HIV and TB coinfections is higher in Eastern Europe than in Western Europe and Argentina.

Background And Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death in HIV-infected patients worldwide. We aimed to study clinical characteristics and outcome of 1075 consecutive patients diagnosed with HIV/TB from 2004 to 2006 in Europe and Argentina.

Methods: One-year mortality was assessed in patients stratified according to region of residence, and factors associated with death were evaluated in multivariable Cox models.

[Sexually transmitted infections among transgender individuals and other sexual identities].

Few data are available regarding the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STI), including HIV-1 infection, and risk behaviors of transgender individuals. Previous reports indicate that this community has a high prevalence of HIV and STIs. Our objective was to compare the prevalence of HIV-1 infection, STI and risk behaviors of transgender people versus non transgender people.

Drug-resistance surveillance among newly HIV-1 diagnosed individuals in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Objective: Our objective was to estimate primary resistance in an urban setting in a developing country with a long history of antiretroviral delivery and high coverage levels.

Design: We carried out a resistance surveillance study according to WHO HIV-Resistance Guidelines.

Methods: Blood samples were collected from 323 drug-naive HIV-1 infected individuals diagnosed at two HIV voluntary counselling and testing centers in Buenos Aires.

[HIV patient hospitalization during the pre and post-HAART era].

HIV patient hospitalization during the pre and post-HAART era. The purpose of this study was to describe and to compare the characteristics of patient admissions during two periods, one pre HAART and the other when HAART was fully available. A retrospective analysis of demographic data, ambulatory care information and hospitalization characteristics was performed.