Promotion Criteria for Medical Educators: Are We Climbing a Ladder with Invisible Rungs?

Objective: In 2006 the Association of American Medical Colleges recommended standardization of documentation of the contributions of medical educators and guidelines for their academic promotion. The authors characterized current United States (US) medical school promotion guidelines for medical educators.

Methods: Authors collected publicly available data from medical school promotion websites from March through July 2022 after determining categories by traditional-set domains as well as peer-reviewed standards.

Impact of Age at the Time of the First ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction on 10-Year Outcomes (from the EXAMINATION-EXTEND Trial).

The aim of this substudy of the EXAMINATION-EXTEND was to analyze 10-year outcomes according to the patient's age at the time of the first ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Of 1,498 patients with STEMI included in the EXAMINATION-EXTEND study, those with a previous history of coronary ischemic even or ischemic stroke were excluded from this analysis. The remaining 1,375 patients were divided into 4 age groups: <55, 55 to 65, 65 to 75, and >75 years.

Impact of Diabetes on 10-Year Outcomes Following ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Insights From the EXAMINATION-EXTEND Trial.

Background Long-term outcomes of ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction in patients with diabetes have been barely investigated. The objective of this analysis from the EXAMINATION-EXTEND (10-Years Follow-Up of the EXAMINATION trial) trial was to compare 10-year outcomes of patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction with and without diabetes. Methods and Results Of the study population, 258 patients had diabetes and 1240 did not.

Sex Differences in 10-Year Outcomes Following STEMI: A Subanalysis From the EXAMINATION-EXTEND Trial.

Background: Short-term outcomes following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in women are worse than in men, with a higher mortality rate. It is unknown whether sex plays a role in very long term outcomes.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess whether very long term outcomes following STEMI treatment are influenced by sex.

The extent of surgery for low-risk 1-4 cm papillary thyroid carcinoma: a catch-22 situation. A retrospective analysis of 497 patients based on the 2015 ATA Guidelines recommendation 35.

Purpose: The adequate extent of surgery for 1-4 cm low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is unclear. Our objective was to analyze the applicability of the 2015 ATA Guidelines recommendation 35B (R35) for the management low-risk PTC.

Methods: This multicentre study included patients with low-risk PTC who had undergone total thyroidectomy (TT).

Change over time in the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women from the Pamplona healthcare region.

Introduction: Adequate iodine intake is essential during pregnancy. A previous study of pregnant women from the Pamplona healthcare region showed mild iodine deficiency (mean urinary iodine level, 125 mcg/L). This study was intended to ascertain the iodine intake of pregnant women in our region and to analyze the change over time in their iodine nutritional status.

Replication Study: Wnt activity defines colon cancer stem cells and is regulated by the microenvironment.

As part of the Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology we published a Registered Report (Evans et al., 2015), that described how we intended to replicate selected experiments from the paper 'Wnt activity defines colon cancer stem cells and is regulated by the microenvironment' (Vermeulen et al., 2010).

Optimization of the follow-up of pregnant women with autoimmune thyroid disease.

Objective: To determine the risk of hypothyroidism in pregnant women with autoimmune thyroid disease and thyrotropin (TSH) < 2,5 mIU/l at the beginning of pregnancy.

Methods: Prospective longitudinal study of pregnant women with no personal history of thyroid disease, and with TSH < 2.5 mIU/l in the first trimester.

Site occupancy calibration of taxane pharmacology in live cells and tissues.

Drug receptor site occupancy is a central pharmacology parameter that quantitatively relates the biochemistry of drug binding to the biology of drug action. Taxanes and epothilones bind to overlapping sites in microtubules (MTs) and stabilize them. They are used to treat cancer and are under investigation for neurodegeneration.

A PDGFRα-driven mouse model of glioblastoma reveals a stathmin1-mediated mechanism of sensitivity to vinblastine.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive primary brain cancer that includes focal amplification of PDGFRα and for which there are no effective therapies. Herein, we report the development of a genetically engineered mouse model of GBM based on autocrine, chronic stimulation of overexpressed PDGFRα, and the analysis of GBM signaling pathways using proteomics. We discover the tubulin-binding protein Stathmin1 (STMN1) as a PDGFRα phospho-regulated target, and that this mis-regulation confers sensitivity to vinblastine (VB) cytotoxicity.

A Scalable Pipeline for High-Throughput Flow Cytometry.

Flow cytometry (FC) provides high-content data for a variety of applications, including phenotypic analysis of cell surface and intracellular markers, characterization of cell supernatant or lysates, and gene expression analysis. Historically, sample preparation, acquisition, and analysis have presented as a bottleneck for running such types of assays at scale. This article will outline the solutions that have been implemented at Novartis which have allowed high-throughput FC to be successfully conducted and analyzed for a variety of cell-based assays.

HIF activation causes synthetic lethality between the tumor suppressor and the histone methyltransferase.

Inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein (pVHL) is the signature lesion in the most common form of kidney cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). pVHL loss causes the transcriptional activation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) target genes, including many genes that encode histone lysine demethylases. Moreover, chromatin regulators are frequently mutated in this disease.

Evaluation of a 'color coding' system for the assessment of patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Aims: The reduction of delay times as well as the rate of false alarms (FA) have become some of the main points of the different infarction networks. We propose a simple way of classifying patients derived for primary PCI (pPCI) into well-defined simple groups by colors, where we can assess real delays of each clinical presentation, define the FA and, furthermore, establish their immediate and short term prognosis.

Methods And Results: Prospective study of STEMI consecutive patients derived for pPCI during 2014.

Immediate and Long-Term Results of Drug-Eluting Stents in Mammary Artery Grafts.

Unlabelled: Percutaneous intervention of a coronary graft is the treatment of choice when the graft fails. The objective is to report the long-term results of drug-eluting stents (DES) in mammary artery grafts (MAG). Patients who had been treated with DES for MAG in 27 centers were selected.

Effects of Body Mass Index on the Lipid Profile and Biomarkers of Inflammation and a Fibrinolytic and Prothrombotic State.

Aim: Both an overweight status and obesity are associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of obesity on different underlying mechanisms, i.e.

Toxic effects of perinatal arsenic exposure on the brain of developing rats and the beneficial role of natural antioxidants.

The aim of this study was to determine what changes in biochemical parameters and in the antioxidant capacity occur in the brain of arsenic-exposed rats (50mg As/L in drinking water) and investigate the protective effect of antioxidants as Zn, vitamin C and vitamin E during pregnancy and lactation. After arsenic-exposure, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was enhanced in arsenic group, returning to normal levels in the arsenic+antioxidants one. A significant increase of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was noted in both arsenic groups.

Comparison between hepatic and renal effects in rats treated with arsenic and/or antioxidants during gestation and lactation.

The aim of this study was to determine whether biochemical changes occurred in the liver and kidney of arsenic (As) exposed pups during gestation and lactation, and investigate the potential beneficial role of antioxidants against arsenic exposure damage. Pregnant wistar rats received the following treatments as drinking water: (1) distilled water; (2) arsenic (50 mg/L); (3) antioxidants: zinc (20 mg/L)+vitamin C (2 g/L)+vitamin E (500 mg/L); (4) arsenic (50 mg/L)+antioxidants. As- intoxicated pups showed significant decreases in liver cholesterol and triglyceride concentration, whereas Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were increased.

Effect of β-N-methylamino-L-alanine on oxidative stress of liver and kidney in rat.

β-N-methylamino-(L)-alanine (L)-BMAA) is a neurotoxic amino acid, found in the majority of cyanbacterial genera tested. Evidence for implication of (L)-BMAA in neurodegenerative disorders, like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), relies on bioaccumulation and biomagnification from symbiotic cyanobacteria. The involvement of (L)-BMAA in oxidative stress was demonstrated in several studies in the central nervous system.

Catalytic site remodelling of the DOT1L methyltransferase by selective inhibitors.

Selective inhibition of protein methyltransferases is a promising new approach to drug discovery. An attractive strategy towards this goal is the development of compounds that selectively inhibit binding of the cofactor, S-adenosylmethionine, within specific protein methyltransferases. Here we report the three-dimensional structure of the protein methyltransferase DOT1L bound to EPZ004777, the first S-adenosylmethionine-competitive inhibitor of a protein methyltransferase with in vivo efficacy.

[Minimum salvaged myocardium after rescue percutaneous coronary intervention: quantification by cardiac magnetic resonance].

Introduction And Objectives: When fibrinolysis fails in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction, they are referred for a rescue percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, there is still no evidence of how much myocardium potentially at risk we can actually salvage after rescue PCI.

Methods: Fifty consecutive patients.

An evaluation of the CHADS₂ stroke risk score in patients with atrial fibrillation who undergo percutaneous coronary revascularization.

Background: There are various schemas designed to stratify the risk of thromboembolism (TE) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), of which the CHADS(2) (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 y, diabetes, stroke [doubled]) score is the most widely studied. We evaluated whether the CHADS(2) score was adequate for TE risk stratification while assessing cardiac risk in patients with AF revascularized with coronary artery stents.

Methods: We reviewed 604 consecutive patients with AF treated with at least one stent between 2001 and 2008 in relation to TE risk using CHADS(2) score.

Rescue angioplasty: characteristics and results in a single-center experience.

Purpose And Methods: Rescue angioplasty (RA) has demonstrated its efficacy for the treatment of failed thrombolysis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We analyzed clinical, angiographic, and procedural characteristics, and prognosis at 30 days of prospective cohort of unselected patients admitted for RA.

Results: From August 2004 to August 2009, 361 patients were included in a single center.

The prognostic value of biomarkers after a premature myocardial infarction.

Background: Intravascular thrombogenesis is influenced by a complex interplay of factors related to a procoagulant state, fibrinolysis, endothelial damage/dysfunction and inflammation. We hypothesised that abnormalities of these biological systems would contribute to outcome of coronary artery disease presenting at a young age.

Methods: We performed a prospective study of 142 subjects presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at a young age (defined as age ≤45 years), to determine the clinical and laboratory predictors of cardiovascular events during 36 months of follow-up.