Physiology, gene expression, and epiphenotype of two Dianthus broteri polyploid cytotypes under temperature stress.

Increasing evidence supports a major role for abiotic stress response in the success of plant polyploids, which usually thrive in harsh environments. However, understanding the ecophysiology of polyploids is challenging due to interactions between genome doubling and natural selection. Here, we investigated physiological responses, gene expression, and the epiphenotype of two related Dianthus broteri cytotypes-with different genome duplications (4× and 12×) and evolutionary trajectories-to short extreme temperature events (42/28 °C and 9/5 °C).

Phenotypic diploidization in plant functional traits uncovered by synthetic neopolyploids in Dianthus broteri.

Whole-genome duplication and post-polyploidization genome downsizing play key roles in the evolution of land plants; however, the impact of genomic diploidization on functional traits still remains poorly understood. Using Dianthus broteri as a model, we compared the ecophysiological behaviour of colchicine-induced neotetraploids (4xNeo) to diploids (2x) and naturally occurring tetraploids (4xNat). Leaf gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence analyses were performed in order to asses to what extent post-polyploidization evolutionary processes have affected 4xNat.

Uncovering PGPB Vibrio spartinae inoculation-triggered physiological mechanisms involved in the tolerance of Halimione portulacoides to NaCl excess.

Plant growth promoting bacteria' (PGPB) beneficial role on plant tolerance to salinity stress has previously been well recognized. However, bacteria-triggered plant physiological mechanisms involved in this response require investigation, especially in plants with innate salt tolerance. A glasshouse experiment was designed to investigate the effect of the PGPB Vibrio spartinae on Halimione portulacoides growth, physiological performance and ion homeostasis in plants exposed to 0, 171, 510 and 1020 mM NaCl for 100 days.

Importance of Physiological Traits Vulnerability in Determine Halophytes Tolerance to Salinity Excess: A Comparative Assessment in .

Many halophytic physiological traits related to the tolerance of plants to salinity excess have been extensively studied, with a focus on biomass and/or gas exchange parameters. To gain a more complete understanding of whether salinity excess affects the physiological performance of halophytes, an experiment was performed using the halophyte L. as a model.

Inter-population differences tolerance to Cu excess during the initials phases of Juncus acutus life cycle: implications for the design of metal restoration strategies.

The research on the plant population metal intra-specific tolerance variability is of paramount importance for the design of phytoremediation restoration. The aim of this study was to asses if any variability exists in the copper stress response during seed germination and seedling development in Juncus acutus depending on provenance habitat. Our results showed that J.

Niche divergence and limits to expansion in the high polyploid Dianthus broteri complex.

Niche evolution in plant polyploids remains controversial and evidence for alternative patterns has been reported. Using the autopolyploid Dianthus broteri complex (2×, 4×, 6× and 12×) as a model, we aimed to integrate three scenarios - competitive exclusion, recurrent origins of cytotypes and niche filling - into a single framework of polyploid niche evolution. We hypothesized that high polyploids would tend to evolve towards extreme niches when low ploidy cytotypes have nearly filled the niche space.

Deciphering the ecophysiological traits involved during water stress acclimation and recovery of the threatened wild carnation, Dianthus inoxianus.

Dianthus inoxianus is an endangered species endemic from a small littoral area in the SW Spain, with an unusual flowering season under the adverse conditions of dry Mediterranean summer. A greenhouse experiment was designed to assess the physiological traits involved in drought acclimation and recovery of 3-month-old plants. The evolution of plant water status, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments concentrations and a quantitative analysis of photosynthesis limitations were followed during water stress and re-watering.