Sex-dependent effect of socioeconomic status on cardiovascular event risk in a population-based cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) factors often result in profound health inequalities among populations, and their impact may differ between sexes. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare the effect of socioeconomic status indicators on incident cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related events among males and females with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: A population-based cohort from a southern European region including 24,650 patients with T2D was followed for five years.

Cohort Profile: CArdiovascular Risk in patients with DIAbetes in NAvarra (CARDIANA cohort).

Purpose: The CArdiovascular Risk in patients with DIAbetes in Navarra (CARDIANA cohort) cohort was established to assess the effects of sociodemographic and clinical variables on the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 1 (T1D) or type 2 (T2D) diabetes, with a special focus on socioeconomic factors, and to validate and develop cardiovascular risk models for these patients.

Participants: The CARDIANA cohort included all patients with T1D and T2D diabetes registered in the Public Health Service of Navarra with prevalent disease on 1 January 2012. It consisted of 1067 patients with T1D (ages 2-88 years) and 33842 patients with T2D (ages 20-105 years), whose data were retrospectively extracted from the Health and Administrative System Databases.

Blood pressure targets for the treatment of people with hypertension and cardiovascular disease.

Background: This is the third update of the review first published in 2017. Hypertension is a prominent preventable cause of premature morbidity and mortality. People with hypertension and established cardiovascular disease are at particularly high risk, so reducing blood pressure to below standard targets may be beneficial.

COVID-19 infection and complications according to ABO blood group in the elderly: A population-based subcohort and meta-analysis.

Background And Objectives: It is reported that ABO antibodies have a role in COVID-19 infection and severity; however, ABO antibody titres vary with advanced age. The aim was to analyse the association between ABO blood group and risk of COVID-19 infection and complications in elderly patients, and to contrast this data with findings in the overall adult population.

Materials And Methods: A prospective cohort study of the Navarre (Spain) population aged ≥60 years and a meta-analysis of published studies including participants of ≥60 years were carried out.

Role of the AB0 blood group in COVID-19 infection and complications: A population-based study.

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the ABO blood group has been described as a possible biological marker of susceptibility for the disease. This study evaluates the role of ABO group on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and related complications in a population-based cohort including 87,090 subjects from the Navarre population (Northern Spain) with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and with known ABO blood group, after one year of the pandemic (May 2020 - May 2021). The risk of infection, hospitalization, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and death was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for possible confounding variables.

Use of health services among long-term breast cancer survivors in Spain: longitudinal study based on real-world data.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate health service utilization in Spain among long-term breast cancer survivors and to compare it with that among women with no history of breast cancer.

Methods: Study based on the SURBCAN cohort includes a sample of long-term breast cancer survivors and a sample of women without breast cancer from 5 Spanish regions. Healthcare utilization was assessed through primary care, hospital visits, and tests during the follow-up period (2012 to 2016) by using electronic health records.

Effects of a Tailored Exercise Intervention in Acutely Hospitalized Oldest Old Diabetic Adults: An Ancillary Analysis.

Objective: To analyze the effects of a tailored exercise intervention in acutely hospitalized elderly diabetic patients.

Research Design And Methods: This is an ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). A total of 103 acutely hospitalized elderly adults (mean age ~87 years) with type II diabetes were randomized to an intervention (exercise, n = 54) or control group (usual care, n = 49).

Blood pressure targets for the treatment of people with hypertension and cardiovascular disease.

Background: This is the second update of the review first published in 2017. Hypertension is a prominent preventable cause of premature morbidity and mortality. People with hypertension and established cardiovascular disease are at particularly high risk, so reducing blood pressure to below standard targets may be beneficial.

Multisystem chronic illness prognostication in non-oncologic integrated care.

Objectives: To develop a mortality-predictive model for correct identification of patients with non-cancer multiple chronic conditions who would benefit from palliative care, recognise predictive indicators of death and provide with tools for individual risk score calculation.

Design: Retrospective observational study with multivariate logistic regression models.

Participants: All patients with high-risk multiple chronic conditions incorporated into an integrated care strategy that fulfil two conditions: (1) they belong to the top 5% of the programme's risk pyramid according to the adjusted morbidity groups stratification tool and (2) they suffer simultaneously at least three selected chronic non-cancer pathologies (n=591).

Inverse-probability weighting and multiple imputation for evaluating selection bias in the estimation of childhood obesity prevalence using data from electronic health records.

Background And Objectives: Height and weight data from electronic health records are increasingly being used to estimate the prevalence of childhood obesity. Here, we aim to assess the selection bias due to missing weight and height data from electronic health records in children older than five.

Methods: Cohort study of 10,811 children born in Navarra (Spain) between 2002 and 2003, who were still living in this region by December 2016.

Blood pressure targets for the treatment of people with hypertension and cardiovascular disease.

Background: This is the first update of the review published in 2017. Hypertension is a prominent preventable cause of premature morbidity and mortality. People with hypertension and established cardiovascular disease are at particularly high risk, so reducing blood pressure to below standard targets may be beneficial.

Blood pressure targets for the treatment of people with hypertension and cardiovascular disease.

Background: Hypertension is a prominent preventable cause of premature morbidity and mortality. People with hypertension and established cardiovascular disease are at particularly high risk, so reducing blood pressure below standard targets may be beneficial. This strategy could reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity but could also increase adverse events.

Rethinking the Appraisal and Approval of Drugs for Fracture Prevention.

In January 2014, the EMA's Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee recommended that strontium ranelate no longer be used for osteoporosis. However, EMA's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use decided to restrict its use rather than ban it. Starting from this fact, evidence of drugs for fracture prevention over the last 30 years was reviewed and lessons to be learnt from this story are highlighted.

Validity of type 2 diabetes diagnosis in a population-based electronic health record database.

Background: The increasing burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus makes the continuous surveillance of its prevalence and incidence advisable. Electronic health records (EHRs) have great potential for research and surveillance purposes; however the quality of their data must first be evaluated for fitness for use. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of type 2 diabetes diagnosis in a primary care EHR database covering more than half a million inhabitants, 97% of the population in Navarra, Spain.

Use of oral antidiabetic agents and risk of community-acquired pneumonia: a nested case-control study.

Aims: To evaluate the association between use of different oral antidiabetic agents (OAD) and the risk of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in patients with type-2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: Case-control study nested in a cohort of patients with T2DM and use of OAD between 2002 and 2013, based in a Spanish general practice research database. Cases were people diagnosed with T2DM, aged >18 years and with a validated diagnosis of CAP between 2002 and 2013.

Oral bisphosphonates may not decrease hip fracture risk in elderly Spanish women: a nested case-control study.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between the long-term use of bisphosphonates and the risk of hip fracture compared to never use among women aged 65 years or older.

Design: Case-control study nested in a cohort.

Setting: General practice research database operated by the Spanish Medicines Agency.

Oral bisphosphonates are associated with increased risk of subtrochanteric and diaphyseal fractures in elderly women: a nested case-control study.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between bisphosphonate use and the risk of atypical femoral fractures among women aged 65 or older.

Design: Nested case-control study.

Setting: General practice research database in Spain.