Blood-based circulating biomarkers for prediction of immune-checkpoint inhibitors efficacy in renal cell carcinoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)-based combinations have become the standard first-line treatment for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Despite significant improvements in survival and the achievement of sustained long-term responses, a subset of patients remains refractory to ICI, and most will eventually develop resistance. Thus, identifying predictive biomarkers for ICI efficacy and resistance is essential for optimizing therapeutic strategies.

Capecitabine-Related Thrombotic Microangiopathy.

Purpose: Renal injury is common in cancer patients and its etiology is multifactorial. Different patterns of renal histological lesions have been described in relation to oncologic treatments, notably acute tubular necrosis and tubulointerstitial nephritis, but also thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA).

Methods: We report a case of TMA secondary to capecitabine in an 82-year-old woman diagnosed with localized colon adenocarcinoma.