Background: Food insecurity is linked to poorer cardiovascular health (CVH) outcomes, particularly in underresourced communities, where social determinants of health play a critical role. Despite the recognized connections, there remains a lack of empirical evidence delineating the implications of food insecurity on CVH. CVH, a broader concept than cardiovascular disease, encompasses the overall well-being of the cardiovascular system and is supported by favorable lifestyle choices and physiological metrics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently a major global public health problem. Although disease remission is possible, few biomarkers have been identified which can help us select the diet that best promotes remission. Our aim was to study the potential of miRNAs as a tool to apply the Mediterranean diet or the low-fat diet in order to achieve T2DM remission in patients with coronary heart disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Lipidol
December 2024
Background: Dyslipidemia is recognized as a contributing factor to peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, the influence of lipoprotein subfractions as compared to traditional serum lipid levels is not well-understood.
Objective: This study explores the association between lipoprotein subfractions and the occurrence of PAD in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).
Purpose: Genetic testing is required to confirm a diagnosis of familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS). We assessed the pathogenicity of variants identified in the FCS canonical genes to diagnose FCS cases.
Methods: 245 patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia underwent next-generation sequencing.
Alternative splicing is a post-transcriptional process resulting in multiple protein isoforms from a single gene. Abnormal splicing may lead to metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To identify the splicing factor expression that predicts T2DM remission in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients, we identified newly diagnosed T2DM at baseline ( = 190) from the CORDIOPREV study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: The literature on the postprandial metabolic changes in individuals with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) remains limited, despite the fact that postprandial states represent the most common physiological condition in Western societies.
Background/objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the plasma metabolomics profile in both fasting and postprandial states following a high-fat challenge in individuals with MetS who consumed diets with varying quantities and qualities of dietary fat over 12 weeks.
Methods: Seventy-five patients with MetS (28 males and 47 females) from the Spanish LIPGENE cohort were included in the study.
Background And Aims: Several studies have supported the role of innate immune system as a key factor in the sterile inflammation underlying the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis in mice. However, its involvement in humans remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between neutrophil count, and the intima-media thickness of common carotid arteries (IMT-CC), as well as the potential impact of long-term dietary interventions on these associations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Numerous studies have reported an association between neutrophils and T2DM, although this relationship remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the interaction of neutrophils and a dietary intervention on T2DM incidence after 60 months of follow-up.
Methods: A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the framework of the CORDIOPREV study, which included 462 patients without T2DM at the beginning of the study.
Cardiovasc Diabetol
October 2024
Background: Increasing evidence supports the role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in atherosclerosis in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, suggesting that therapeutic strategies targeting AGEs may offer potential benefits in this population. The Mediterranean diet is associated with improved biomarkers and anthropometric measurements related with atherosclerosis in addition to its ability to modulate AGE metabolism. Our aim was to determine whether the reduction in atherosclerosis progression (measured by changes in intima-media thickness of both common carotid arteries (IMT-CC)), observed after consumption of a Mediterranean diet compared to a low-fat diet, is associated with a modulation of circulating AGE levels in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutr Diabetes
June 2024
Nutr Diabetes
May 2024
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is recognized an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The precise contribution and differential response to treatment strategies to reduce kidney dysfunction, depending on whether obesity is present alongside T2DM or not, remain to be fully clarified. Our objective was to improve our understanding of how obesity contributes to kidney function in patients with T2DM and coronary heart disease (CHD), who are highly predisposed to CKD, to assign the most effective dietary approach to preserve kidney function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
April 2024
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is growing in Western countries. Nutritional interventions that promote high-quality dietary patterns could help reverse this trend. We aimed to evaluate whether changes in Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe irruption of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) in the study of cardiovascular risk factors is perhaps, together with the discovery and use of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (iPCSK9) inhibitor drugs, the greatest novelty in the field for decades. Lp(a) concentration (especially very high levels) has an undeniable association with certain cardiovascular complications, such as atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVD) and aortic stenosis. However, there are several current limitations to both establishing epidemiological associations and specific pharmacological treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovasc Diabetol
March 2024
Background: Telomere Length (TL), a marker of cellular aging, holds promise as a biomarker to elucidate the molecular mechanism of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate whether shorter telomeres are associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence in patients with coronary heart disease; and to determine whether the most suitable dietary patterns, particularly a Mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet, can mitigate the development of diabetes in these patients after a follow-up period of five years.
Methods: The CORonary Diet Intervention with Olive oil and cardiovascular PREVention study (CORDIOPREV study) was a single-centre, randomised clinical trial done at the Reina Sofia University Hospital in Córdoba, Spain.
Antioxidants (Basel)
January 2024
In order to evaluate whether telomere maintenance is associated with type 2 diabetes remission, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients without glucose-lowering treatment (183 out of 1002) from the CORDIOPREV study (NCT00924937) were randomized to consume a Mediterranean or low-fat diet. Patients were classified as Responders, those who reverted from type 2 diabetes during the 5 years of dietary intervention ( = 69), and Non-Responders, who did not achieve diabetes remission by the end of the follow-up period ( = 104). We found no differences in diabetes remission between the two diets, and we determined telomere length (TL) by measuring qPCR, telomerase activity using the TRAP assay, and direct redox balance based on the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSH) via colorimetric assay.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including coronary heart disease (CHD), display a higher prevalence in men than women. This study aims to evaluate the variations in the intestinal microbiota between men and women afflicted with CHD and delineate these against a non-CVD control group for each sex.
Methods: Our research was conducted in the framework of the CORDIOPREV study, a clinical trial which involved 837 men and 165 women with CHD.
Diabetes Metab
January 2024
Aim: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play a role in kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there have been no prior controlled clinical trials examining the effects of specific diets on AGE metabolism and their impact on kidney function. Our aim was to assess whether modulating AGE metabolism resulting in reduced AGEs levels, after consumption of two healthy diets, could delay kidney function decline in patients with T2DM and coronary heart disease (CHD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovascular disease (CVD) still being the most common cause of death in worldwide. In spite of development of new lipid-lowering therapies which optimize low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels, recurrence of CVD events implies addressing factors related with residual cardiovascular (CV) risk. The key determinants of residual CV risk include triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) and remnant cholesterol (RC), lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and inflammation including its biochemical markers such as high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims/hypothesis: There is a lack of e-health systems that integrate the complex variety of aspects relevant for diabetes self-management. We developed and field-tested an e-health system (POWER2DM) that integrates medical, psychological and behavioural aspects and connected wearables to support patients and healthcare professionals in shared decision making and diabetes self-management.
Methods: Participants with type 1 or type 2 diabetes (aged >18 years) from hospital outpatient diabetes clinics in the Netherlands and Spain were randomised using randomisation software to POWER2DM or usual care for 37 weeks.
Atherosclerosis
September 2023
Background And Aims: A critical telomere length (TL) is associated with cardiovascular mortality. Dietary habits have been demonstrated to affect cardiovascular risk. However, it remains unclear how exactly TL determines the response to specific dietary approaches in the reduction of arterial injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the first cause of chronic liver disease and is also associated with other harmful entities such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. NAFLD is a significant public health concern worldwide, impacting individuals of all ages, and its prevalence is projected to increase in the near future due to its connection with obesity. Intrinsic (genetics) and external (lifestyle) factors may also modulate NAFLD, and, in turn, may partly explain the observed relationship between NAFLD and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDF