Microbial Biodegradation of Synthetic Polyethylene and Polyurethane Polymers by Pedospheric Microbes: Towards Sustainable Environmental Management.

This study attempted to isolate and identify pedospheric microbes originating in dumpsites and utilized them for the degradation of selected synthetic polymers for the first time in a cost-effective, ecologically favorable and sustainable manner. Specifically, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyurethane (PUR) were converted by the isolated fungi, i.e.

Occupational Risk Factors for Burnout Syndrome Among Healthcare Professionals: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Health professionals are disproportionately affected by burnout compared to other occupational groups. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze thirteen occupational risk factors related to burnout syndrome among health professionals globally. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in August 2023.

Trends in Mortality Due to Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the United States: A CDC WONDER Database Analysis (1999-2020).

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global health issue profoundly impacting quality of life. The United States accounts for nearly a quarter of the world's IBD patients, with the highest prevalence rates. This study aims to identify the demographic and regional trends of IBD-related mortality in the U.

Thiol functionalized pH-responsive mucoadhesive hydrogel: Potential approach for site-specific delivery of 5 fluorouracil in colon cancer.

The present study aims to develop a novel thiolated carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-SH) by the addition of aldehyde groups via oxidation followed by reductive amination and then develop CMC-SH based pH-responsive hydrogel by free radical polymerization approach while assessing its mucoadhesive and permeation-enhancing capabilities. By in-vitro characterization, the intended compound's chemical composition, thermal stability, and amorphous nature were analyzed for CMC-SH polymer. Ellman's assay was utilized to estimate the thiol content and permeation analysis was performed to evaluate its enhanced permeability characteristics.

Antimicrobial and Hepatoprotective Properties of Pods of (L.) Willd. ex Delile: and Approaches.

Background: is a multipurpose plant known for its remedial properties but the antimicrobial and hepatoprotective activity of its pods remained unexplored.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and hepatoprotective activity of n-hexane (ANPH) and methanol (ANPM) extracts of pods to scientifically validate their medicinal claims.

Methods: After the pharmacognostic evaluation of pods, tests were carried out to estimate phenolic and flavonoid content and antimicrobial potential.

The Effect of Lifestyle Interventions on Anxiety, Depression and Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background/objectives: Depression, anxiety, and stress are common mental health issues that affect individuals worldwide. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of various lifestyle interventions including physical activity, dietary changes, and sleep hygiene in reducing the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Using stress as an outcome and conducting detailed subgroup analyses, this study provides novel insights into the differential effects of lifestyle interventions across diverse populations.

Comparative biochemical analysis of platelet-rich plasma-chitosan and platelet-rich fibrin-chitosan for treating tibial bone defects in rabbits.

Background And Aim: Fracture healing can cause serious complications, both preoperatively and postoperatively, including malunion or non-union. Biomaterials can enhance the fracture healing process. This study aimed to compare platelet-rich plasma (PRP)-chitosan and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)-chitosan on the basis of biochemical parameters for fracture treatment in rabbits.

Durvalumab-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia in Patients with Advanced Cholangiocarcinoma Undergoing Yttrium-90 Radioembolization.

Introduction: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) secondary to durvalumab, a programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitor, is a rare but clinically significant immune-related adverse event. Herein, we present 2 patients with cholangiocarcinoma who developed ITP immediately post-yttrium-90 radioembolization (Y90-RE) while on durvalumab-based systemic therapy. We hypothesize that given the timing, the immunotherapy and the radioembolization combination led to this event.

Identification of new leads against ubiquitin specific protease-7 (USP7): a step towards the potential treatment of cancers.

Ubiquitin-specific protease-7 (USP7) is an important drug target as it regulates multiple proteins and genes (such as MDM2 and p53) with roles in cancer progression. Its inhibition can hinder the function of oncogenes, increase tumor suppression, and enhance immune response. The current study was designed to express USP7 in a prokaryotic system, followed by screening of small molecules against it using biophysical methods, primarily STD-NMR technique.

Comparative effectiveness of metabolic and bariatric surgeries: a network meta-analysis.

Bariatric surgery is recommended for patients with unhealthy weight. Our study aim to compare and rank different bariatric surgical approaches in reducing weight parameters. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from inception to September 2023.

Spectrum of Findings Seen in Patients With Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma-with a growing incidence rate and poor prognosis-is not an uncommon cancer. Molecular profiling can reveal actionable aberrations in at least a third of the tumors. This is especially so in the case of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), where mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 genes () make up 15%-20% of these tumors.

Coumarin derivatives as new anti-biofilm agents against Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus infections are the primary causes of morbidity, and mortality, particularly in immuno-compromised individuals. S. aureus associated infections are acquired from community, as well as hospital settings, and difficult to treat because of the emerging resistance against available antibiotics.

A confounding pediatric spinal cord injury: Anterior, central, or both?

Pediatric spinal cord injury (SCI) most commonly affects the cervical region. Central cord syndrome most often occurs in the lower cervical injury due to hyperextension injury, while anterior cord syndrome is primarily due to vascular infarction after hyperextension injury. An unusual case of a pediatric patient who physically presented with central cord syndrome but radiologically had evidence of anterior spinal artery syndrome is described.

Relationship between sarcopenia and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction And Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) formerly known as Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic disease. Identifying MASLD risk factors could help early intervention and reduce the burden of the disease. Previous studies investigated the association between sarcopenia and NAFLD.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Risk of Abnormal Body Mass Index: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

(1) Objectives: The impact of abnormal body mass index (BMI) on health is extensive, and various risk factors contribute to its effects. This study aimed to examine the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and BMI categories, including underweight, overweight, obesity, severe obesity, and morbid obesity; (2) Methods: Three databases were searched: Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. Manual searches were conducted using Google Scholar and ResearchGate.

Deep Learning for Pneumonia Detection in Chest X-ray Images: A Comprehensive Survey.

This paper addresses the significant problem of identifying the relevant background and contextual literature related to deep learning (DL) as an evolving technology in order to provide a comprehensive analysis of the application of DL to the specific problem of pneumonia detection via chest X-ray (CXR) imaging, which is the most common and cost-effective imaging technique available worldwide for pneumonia diagnosis. This paper in particular addresses the key period associated with COVID-19, 2020-2023, to explain, analyze, and systematically evaluate the limitations of approaches and determine their relative levels of effectiveness. The context in which DL is applied as both an aid to and an automated substitute for existing expert radiography professionals, who often have limited availability, is elaborated in detail.

Proteomic Analysis of Rap1A GTPase Signaling-Deficient C57BL/6 Mouse Pancreas and Functional Studies Identify an Essential Role of Rap1A in Pancreas Physiology.

Ras-related Rap1A GTPase is implicated in pancreas β-cell insulin secretion and is stimulated by the cAMP sensor Epac2, a guanine exchange factor and activator of Rap1 GTPase. In this study, we examined the differential proteomic profiles of pancreata from C57BL/6 Rap1A-deficient (Null) and control wild-type (WT) mice with nanoLC-ESI-MS/MS to assess targets of Rap1A potentially involved in insulin regulation. We identified 77 overlapping identifier proteins in both groups, with 8 distinct identifier proteins in Null versus 56 distinct identifier proteins in WT mice pancreata.

Histopathological features of idiopathic portal hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Portal hypertension (PH) is a clinically significant entity that could present with life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding. Cirrhosis is the most common cause of PH, with well-documented histopathology and etiology. However, in idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH), no single histopathologic finding is associated with PH.

Molecular immunological mechanisms of impaired wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), current therapeutic strategies and future directions.

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a foremost cause of amputation in diabetic patients. Consequences of DFU include infections, decline in limb function, hospitalization, amputation, and in severe cases, death. Immune cells including macrophages, regulatory T cells, fibroblasts and other damage repair cells work in sync for effective healing and in establishment of a healthy skin barrier post-injury.

Budesonide Versus Mesalamine in Microscopic Colitis: A Comparative Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Microscopic colitis (MC) is an inflammatory bowel disease of autoimmune origin that causes chronic watery diarrhea. Medications, including budesonide, mesalamine, loperamide, cholestyramine, and bismuth subsalicylate, are first-line therapies. Meanwhile, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, and methotrexate are indicated for refractory MC.

Evaluation of ivermectin and vitamin E based combination with antiseizure rufinamide drug for mitigation of pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling, behavioral challenges and histopathological aberrations.

Pentylenetetrazole- (PTZ)-induced kindling is a broadly used experimental model to evaluate the impact of antiseizure drugs and their novel combination on seizure progression. The current study aimed to evaluate the anti-kindling effects of ivermectin (IVM) and rufinamide (RUFI) alone and their combination with vitamin E. The mice were administered 11 injections of PTZ (40 mg/kg) followed by assessment for anxiety-like behavior and cognitive abilities in a series of behavior tests with subsequent brain isolation for biochemical and histopathological evaluation.

Water dissociation and COOH formation on Fe modified Cu(100) surface: A density functional theory study.

Water splitting has emerged as a promising route for sustainable hydrogen production. In this research paper, adsorption and dissociation of HO accompanied with dissociated constituents reactions with CO and CO have been investigated on Fe modified Cu(100) surface employing density functional theory (DFT) at GGA-PW91 level. The adsorption and other reactions carried out on Fe2-Cu(100) surfaces gave very promising results.