The effects of monoculture and intercropping on photosynthesis performance correlated with growth of garlic and perennial ryegrass response to different heavy metals.

Background: The potential of phytoremediation using garlic monoculture (MC) and intercropping (IC) system with perennial ryegrass to enhance the uptake of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) were investigated.

Results: Positive correlations were found between MC and IC systems, with varying biomass. Production of perennial ryegrass was affected differently depending on the type of toxic metal present in the soil.

Biochemical and reproductive biomarker analysis to study the consequences of heavy metal burden on health profile of male brick kiln workers.

The present study aims to assess the effect of a heavy metal burden on general health, biochemical parameters, an antioxidant enzyme, and reproductive hormone parameters in adult male brick kiln workers from Pakistan. The study participants (n = 546) provided demographic data including general health as well as body mass index. Blood was collected to quantitatively assess hematological, biochemical, and reproductive hormone parameters as well as heavy metal concentrations using both atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE).

Biosorption of heavy metals by obligate halophilic fungi.

The presence of heavy metals in the environment poses a serious threat to human health. Remediation of this problem using microorganisms has been widely researched to find a sustainable solution. Obligate halophilic fungi comprising Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus gracilis, Aspergillus penicillioides (sp.

High incidence of malaria along the Pak-Afghan bordering area.

Objective: To check the epidemiology of malaria along Pak-Afghan bordering area..

Methods: The prospective study was conducted at Hatmi Medical Centre, Barmal district, Afghanistan, from March 2014 to February 2016, and comprised patients living in bordering areas between Pakistan's North Waziristan Agency and Afghanistan's Paktika province.

Evaluation of five discriminating indexes to distinguish Beta-Thalassemia Trait from Iron Deficiency Anaemia.

Objective: To assess the reliability of different red blood cell indices-based formulae in the indexes formula in differential diagnosis of beta thalassemia trait and iron deficiency anaemia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and October 2015 in Dera Ismail Khan in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Patients of beta thalassemia trait and iron deficiency anaemia were registered irrespective of age and gender.

Factors associated within 28 days in-hospital mortality of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Objective: To determine the factors leading to in-hospital mortality within 28 days in hospitalized patients with ARDS. It was a prospective observational cohort study conducted in Intensive Care Unit of Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi from March to August 2011.

Methodology: Data was collected from patients admitted in the intensive care unit on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria.