Amelioration of fructose-induced hepatic lipid accumulation by vitamin D supplementation and high-intensity interval training in male Sprague‒Dawley rats.

Background: Intrahepatic lipid accumulation (IHL), a hallmark of metabolic disorders, is closely associated with de novo lipogenesis (DNL). Notably, fructose feeding increased the DNL. Lifestyle modifications resulting from dietary changes and increased physical activity/exercise can decrease the IHL content.

Right ventricular remodeling induced by prolonged excessive endurance exercise is mediated by upregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in rats.

Background: The aim of this study was to develop an animal model to investigate whether prolonged intensive endurance exercise induces RV remodeling, taking into account the involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Methods: Four-week-old male Wistar rats (100 to 125 g) were assigned to four groups (n = 8/group): 1) sixteen weeks of intensive (36 m/min) exercise (INT), 2) twelve weeks of the intensive exercise followed by four weeks of moderate intensity (18 m/min) exercise (INT + MOD), 3) twelve weeks of the intensive exercise followed by four weeks of detraining (INT + DT), and 4) sedentary rats (SED). The exercise protocols were performed five days a week for one h/day.

Effects of L-citrulline supplementation on nitric oxide and antioxidant markers after high-intensity interval exercise in young men: a randomized controlled trial.

L-citrulline (L-Cit) is a nonessential amino acid that stimulates nitric oxide (NO) production and improves exercise performance by reducing muscle damage indices; however, the direct benefits of L-Cit on antioxidant markers are unclear. The aim of this study was to examine antioxidant responses to high-intensity interval exercise following acute L-Cit supplementation. Nine young men (21 ± 1 years) participated in a double-blind crossover study in which they received 12 g of L-Cit and placebo (PL) an hour prior to high-intensity interval exercise on two occasions, separated by a seven-day washout period.

Effects of concurrent training on irisin and fibronectin type-III domain containing 5 (FNDC5) expression in visceral adipose tissue in type-2 diabetic rats.

Context: Evidence suggests that myokines could have clinical implications for metabolic diseases such as type-2 diabetes.

Objective: We investigated the effects of concurrent training (CT) on irisin and fibronectin type-III domain containing five (FNDC5) expressions in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in type-2 diabetic rats.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats (ages four to eight weeks) became diabetic using nicotinamide and streptozotocin and were assigned to either a control (CON) or a CT group using a randomised block design.

The influence of concurrent training intensity on serum irisin and abdominal fat in postmenopausal women.

Introduction: Menopause seems to be among the factors related to the development of prediabetes and central obesity. Conversely, physical activity may have a major role in reducing metabolic syndrome in women of postmenopausal age.

Material And Methods: Forty-eight postmenopausal active and sedentary women within the ages of 45-65 years were randomized to four groups: 1) high-intensity concurrent interval exercise (HCI; = 15), 2) moderate-intensity continuous concurrent exercise (MCC; = 14), 3) control daily active (CDA; = 10), and 4) control sedentary (COS; = 9).

The effects of pumpkin seed oil supplementation on arterial hemodynamics, stiffness and cardiac autonomic function in postmenopausal women.

Background: Postmenopausal women have a higher prevalence of hypertension than age-match men. Evidence from animal studies have demonstrated the antihypertensive effects of pumpkin seed oil (PSO). We examined the effects of PSO supplementation on vascular function and heart rate variability (HRV) in postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure (BP).

Effects of upper-body, lower-body, or combined resistance training on the ratio of follistatin and myostatin in middle-aged men.

Purpose: Due to the mechanistic role of myostatin and follistatin in modulating muscle mass, shifts in the follistatin to myostatin ratio (F:M) may help explain changes in muscular size in response to resistance training (RT). The present study examined whether differential responses in follistatin and myostatin occur based on the amount of active musculature in a RT program in middle-aged men.

Methods: Forty middle-aged men (age = 46.

Lipocalin-2: Response to a Progressive Treadmill Protocol in Obese and Normal-weight Men.

Purpose: Lipocalin-2 (Lcn2), a newer adipocyte-secreted acute phase protein, was recently reported to be correlated with potential effects on obesity and inflammation. The reaction of this protein to progressive exercise has not been evaluated yet. This study was designed to compare the serum Lcn2 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels after participating in an acute bout of treadmill protocol in obese and normal-weight men.