Sleep-dependent memory consolidation in the epilepsy monitoring unit: A pilot study.

Objective: We sought to examine whether patients with focal epilepsy exhibit sleep dependent memory consolidation, whether memory retention rates correlated with particular aspects of sleep physiology, and how the process was affected by seizures.

Methods: We prospectively recruited patients with focal epilepsy and assessed declarative memory using a task consisting of 15 pairs of colored pictures on a 5×6 grid. Patients were tested 12h after training, once after 12h of wakefulness and once after 12h that included sleep.

Open Label Trial of Add on Lacosamide Versus High Dose Levetiracetam Monotherapy in Patients With Breakthrough Seizures.

Objectives: In patients who do not achieve seizure freedom on low-dose first-line monotherapy antiepileptic drug (AED), the current practice is to increase the AED to higher doses. For patients who fail low dose levetiracetam (LEV), a reasonable alternative to increasing dosage may be the addition of a low-dose adjunctive AED.

Methods: In this open-label, pilot trial, low-dose lacosamide (200 mg/d) was added to adult patients with breakthrough seizures on low-dose monotherapy LEV (≤1500 mg/d).

Evaluation of aroA deletion mutant of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Abortusequi for its vaccine candidate potential.

The present study on a defined deletion aroA mutant (B-26) of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Abortusequi (S. Abortusequi) for residual virulence and safety in experimental model revealed that the virulence of the strain was at no difference in any of the cell assays (caprine alveolar macrophages, bovine alveolar macrophages, guinea pig blood mononuclear cells and horse blood mononuclear cells) than that of its parent virulence plasmid cured (S-787) and wild type (E-156) strains. The mutant did not cause any apparent illness in baby guinea pigs (15 days old), adult male and female guinea pigs and also not in pregnant (54-55 days of gestation) guinea pigs through oral (4.