A comprehensive and molecular level evaluation of treated wastewater reusing via drip systems: Interactions of dissolved ions and hydraulic shear stresses on calcium carbonate scaling.

To overcome the global water shortage, the treated wastewater is increasingly utilized in agricultural irrigation, and thus reducing freshwater consumption and increasing the water sustainability. Drip irrigation technology is the most appropriate irrigation method to utilize these water sources. However, its operating performance is negatively affected by calcium carbonate (CaCO) scaling, which is one of the most dominant precipitations and also closely related to dissolved ions and the hydraulic characteristics inside irrigation systems.

Performance of disc, conventional and automatic screen filters under rainbow trout fish farm effluent for drip irrigation system.

This study aims to investigate the performance of disc, conventional screen, and automatic screen filters when rainbow trout fish effluent is used for irrigation. The experiments were performed in a fish farm, located in the north-west of Iran. The disc and conventional screen filters were tested at pressures of 150 and 300 kPa, and the automatic screen filter at 200 and 300 kPa.

Effect of magnetic field on calcium - silica fouling and interactions in brackish water distribution systems.

Fouling growth in brackish water distribution systems (BWDS), especially calcium-silica fouling, is inevitable issue in brackish water desalination, chemical and agricultural industry, eventually threaten the cleaner production process and environment. Magnetic Field (MF) has been a greener and effective technology to control calcium carbonate fouling. However, the effects of MF on composite calcium-silica fouling are still elusive.

Using phosphate fertilizer to reduce emitter clogging of drip fertigation systems with high salinity water.

Phosphorous (P) fertigation with high salinity water (HSW) drip irrigation would be an effective measure to relieve soil and water pollution caused by the excessive application of P fertilizer, and achieve synergistic saving of both limited fresh water and non-renewable P resources. However, the emitter clogging issues of drip fertigation systems seriously restricts the utilization of this technology. This study proposes an approach to reduce emitter clogging in HSW drip fertigation systems by choosing the appropriate type and concentration of P fertilizer.