Contribution of systemic factors on macular vessel density: a sex-specific population-based study.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of systemic factors on macular vessel density in quantitative Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) by sex.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: A total of 2018 adults were recruited in this study.

OCTA biomarkers in adults aged 50 and above: a prospective and cross-sectional community-based study.

Background/aims: To assess the normative values and parameters of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) influencing the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in adults aged 50 and above.

Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study from an eye screening programme in Hong Kong for 4188 citizens aged 50 and above. Images were analysed using a validated quantification software calculating vessel density and capillary perfusion density (CPD), along with other OCTA parameters, such as the foveal avascular zone area (FAZ) and circularity.

Regression-Based Strategies to Reduce Refractive Error-Associated Glaucoma Diagnostic Bias When Using OCT and OCT Angiography.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to correct refractive error-associated bias in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) glaucoma diagnostic parameters.

Methods: OCT and OCTA imaging were obtained from participants in the Hong Kong FAMILY cohort. The Avanti/AngioVue OCT/OCTA system was used to measure the peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness (NFLT), peripapillary nerve fiber layer plexus capillary density (NFLP-CD), macular ganglion cell complex thickness (GCCT), and macular superficial vascular complex vascular density (SVC-VD).

Scaffold-Free Strategy Using a PEG-Dextran Aqueous Two-Phase-System for Corneal Tissue Repair.

Forming thin tissue constructs with minimal extracellular matrix surrounding them is important for tissue engineering applications. Here, we explore and optimize a strategy that enables rapid fabrication of scaffold-free corneal tissue constructs using the liquid-liquid interface of an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) that is based on biocompatible polymers, dextran and polyethylene glycol. Intact tissue-like constructs, made of corneal epithelial or endothelial cells, can be formed on the interface between the two liquid phases of ATPS within hours and subsequently collected simply by removing the liquid phases.

Evaluation of Adverse Effects of Topical Glaucoma Medications on Trabeculectomy Outcomes Using the Glaucoma Medications Intensity Index.

Introduction: Trabeculectomy is commonly performed for glaucoma when medications are unable to control disease progression or have intolerable adverse effects. Previous studies have suggested that a higher number of and/or longer treatment duration with preoperative topical glaucoma medications are associated with a higher risk of trabeculectomy failure, but most of these studies lack quantification of exposure. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between preoperative exposure to topical glaucoma medications and trabeculectomy outcome, using a new method for quantifying accumulated exposure.

Optic disc and peripapillary vessel density measured with optical coherence tomography angiography and its associations in Chinese adults: a large population-based study.

Purpose: To investigate the optic disc and peripapillary vessel density, as well as its ocular and systemic associations, in healthy eyes among adult Chinese population.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional eye survey was conducted on Chinese adults residing in Hong Kong. 1891 eyes from 1891 participants who completed 4.

Aerosolization and Fluid Spillage During Phacoemulsification in Human Subjects.

Background: Concerns had been raised for the potential hazard of SARS-CoV-2 transmissions via aerosols and fluid droplets during cataract surgeries amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to evaluate the rate of visible aerosol generation and fluid spillage from surgical wounds during phacoemulsification in human subjects.

Methods: This is a prospective consecutive interventional case series.

Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Spell the End for the Direct Ophthalmoscope?

Despite advances in ophthalmic diagnostics, the direct ophthalmoscope remains a key clinical skill taught to medical students and is the tool of choice for retina examination among non-ophthalmic physicians. However, in recent years viable alternatives have become available. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has forced a major re-thinking in medical education worldwide.

Prevalence and Causes of Visual Impairment and Blindness among Adult Chinese in Hong Kong - The Hong Kong Eye Study.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence, associations, and causes of visual impairment and blindness in the adult population of Hong Kong.

Methods: This cross-sectional population-based study included 2018 (870, 43% male) randomly selected adults with a mean age 52 ± 16 years (range 18-90 years) in Hong Kong. Each participant underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations.

Exophthalmometry values in the Hong Kong Chinese adult population from a population-based study.

This study aims to establish the range of exophthalmometry values (EV) in the adult Hong Kong (HK) Chinese population, its relationship with various anthropometric parameters, and to compare it with the EV in different ethnic groups.About 1485 adult HK Chinese were drawn from a random sample from the community-based FAMILY Cohort. Participants were interviewed, and comprehensive ophthalmological assessments were conducted.

Macular Vessel Density Measured With Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Its Associations in a Large Population-Based Study.

Purpose: We investigate macular perfusion and the systemic and ocular associations in a population-based setting.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 2018 adults residing in Hong Kong underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations after consenting to participate. Macular perfusion was measured with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) using the split-spectrum amplitude decorrelation angiography algorithm.

Role of 24-Hour Intraocular Pressure Monitoring in Glaucoma Management.

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and the prevalence is on the rising trend. Intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction is the mainstay of treatment. The current practice of IOP monitoring is based on spot measurements during clinic visits during office hours.

Amphiphilic additives in silicone oil tamponade and emulsification: an eye-on-a-chip study.

Aims: Recently, chemically modified silicone oil has been demonstrated as a reservoir for sustained release of intraocular drugs, many of which might be amphiphilic in nature. In this work, we study the effect of amphiphilic additives in silicone oil on emulsification under eye-like movements.

Methods: Three silicone-oil-soluble surfactants, namely DC749, MQ1640 and FZ2233, were used as model amphiphilic additives.

Micropulse laser for the treatment of glaucoma: A literature review.

Glaucoma, a progressive optic neuropathy, is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Glaucoma patients are usually initially managed with medications and laser therapies, before more invasive ocular surgeries. For laser treatments of glaucoma, laser trabeculoplasty and laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation lower the intraocular pressure by increasing the aqueous outflow and decreasing the aqueous production, respectively.

Needlescopic video-assisted thoracic surgery for reversal of thoracic sympathectomy.

Thoracic sympathectomy is a commonly performed surgical procedure for the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis. However, one major complication of such a procedure is compensatory truncal hyperhidrosis. We describe an extreme case of compensatory truncal hyperhidrosis and anhidrosis over the head and neck region which led to a heatstroke.