Kidney complications in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Background: To describe kidney outcomes in a cohort of children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Methods: We assessed short-term (acute kidney injury defined using neonatal KDIGO criteria) and long-term kidney outcomes, including chronic kidney disease (defined as a GFR < 90 ml/min/1.73 m), albuminuria, and hypertension in a single-center retrospective cohort of children with BPD born between 2010 and 2020.

Healthcare Utilization in Pediatric Cancer Patients Near the End-of-Life.

Describe the healthcare utilization in the last 60 days of life in pediatric patients with cancer who died at home under hospice care and those that died in the hospital. Retrospective chart review of the medical records of those children with cancer diagnosis with palliative care consult and died either under hospice care at home or in the hospital. Patients dying under hospice care spent a median of 44 days at home.

Development and Implementation of a Quick Response (QR) Code System to Streamline the Process for Fellows' Evaluation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at a Large Academic Center.

Background/objective: Useful feedback and evaluation are critical to a medical trainee's development. While most academic physicians understand that giving feedback to learners is essential, many do not consider the components of feedback to be truly useful, and there are barriers to implementation. We sought to use a quick reader (QR) system to solicit feedback for trainees in two pediatric subspecialties (pediatric critical care and neonatal-perinatal medicine) at one institution to increase the quality and quantity of feedback received.

Virtual Adaptation of Empathetic Communication Training for Pediatric Interns.

Objective: Evaluate feasibility and effectiveness of virtual adaptation of in-person simulation-based empathetic communication training.

Methods: Pediatric interns participated in virtual training session then completed post-session and 3 months follow up surveys.

Results: Self-reported preparedness on the skills all improved significantly.

Understanding the Factors that Determine a Fellow's Choice in Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine and How They Establish Their Rank List.

Objective: Little is known about why neonatology fellows pick the fellowship program they do. Understanding why fellows choose neonatology and rank their programs would be of benefit to program leadership and to other applicants.

Study Design: This was a survey study sent to current neonatology fellows in the United States between September 2020 and October 2020, and were asked to rank their choices on a Likert scale.

Risk Factors for Foster Care Placement in Patients with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Objective: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a major cause of morbidity in neonates and can be associated with long hospitalization and high health care utilization. This extremely stressful situation can be difficult for many families and caregivers. The high-risk situation combined with increased medical complexity can result in involvement of Department of Child Services (DCS) and even foster care placement.

Inter-center variation in autopsy practices among regional neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

Objective: To characterize infants who underwent autopsy in regional neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and examine inter-center variability in autopsy completion.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of infants who died between 2010 and 2016 from 32 participating hospitals in the Children's Hospital Neonatal Database (CHND). Maternal/infant demographics and hospital stay data were collected, along with autopsy rates by center, year, and region.

Medical and surgical interventions and outcomes for infants with trisomy 18 (T18) or trisomy 13 (T13) at children's hospitals neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

Objectives: To examine characteristics and outcomes of T18 and T13 infants receiving intensive surgical and medical treatment compared to those receiving non-intensive treatment in NICUs.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort of infants in the Children's Hospitals National Consortium (CHNC) from 2010 to 2016 categorized into three groups by treatment received: surgical, intensive medical, or non-intensive.

Results: Among 467 infants admitted, 62% received intensive medical treatment; 27% received surgical treatment.

Teaching Empathic Communication to Pediatric Interns: Immediate and 3-Month Impact.

Objective: Evaluate pediatric intern self-reported preparedness to Deliver Serious News, Express Empathy, and Medical Error Disclosure after a 1-day simulation based-empathic communication training. Additionally, we sought to evaluate self-reported use of communication skills and describe the clinical scenarios in which the skills were used.

Methods: Pediatric interns completed the survey immediately and 3 months after participating in the communication course.

Neonatal palliative care: perception differences between providers.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe differences and identify education gaps in the perception of palliative care (PC) between neonatal care providers in a Level IV Neonatal intensive care unit.

Study Design: This is a descriptive survey mixed methods study. Email surveys were sent to social workers, pharmacists, dieticians, nurses, respiratory therapists, fellows and faculty in November of 2018.

Pediatric Resident Perception and Participation in End-of-Life Care.

Background: Despite advances in medical care, pediatric deaths are still an unfortunate reality. Most of these deaths occur within a hospital setting. End-of-life care is an important part of medical care for children with serious illnesses.

Feeding Outcomes for Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Discharged on Nasogastric Feeds.

Objective: While previous studies regarding neonatal home feeding regimens have demonstrated a more favorable prognosis for nasogastric (NG) versus gastrostomy tubes (GT), institutional practices of discharge on NG feeds are varied, particularly for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Little is known regarding the risk factors for patients treated with GT postdischarge in premature infants with BPD. Our objective was to identify frequency and risk factors for treating premature infants with BPD discharged on NG feeds with GT.

Center, Gestational Age, and Race Impact End-of-Life Care Practices at Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Units.

Objective: To assess the impact of intercenter variation and patient factors on end-of-life care practices for infants who die in regional neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using the Children's Hospital Neonatal Database during 2010-2016. A total of 6299 nonsurviving infants cared for in 32 participating regional NICUs were included to examine intercenter variation and the effects of gestational age, race, and cause of death on 3 end-of-life care practices: do not attempt resuscitation orders (DNR), cardiopulmonary resuscitation within 6 hours of death (CPR), and withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies (WLST).

SERPINB12 Is a Slow-Binding Inhibitor of Granzyme A and Hepsin.

The clade B/intracellular serpins protect cells from peptidase-mediated injury by forming covalent complexes with their targets. SERPINB12 is expressed in most tissues, especially at cellular interfaces with the external environment. This wide tissue distribution pattern is similar to that of granzyme A (GZMA).

Human SERPINB12 Is an Abundant Intracellular Serpin Expressed in Most Surface and Glandular Epithelia.

The intracellular serine protease inhibitors (serpins) are an important family of proteins that protect cells form proteinase-mediated injury. Understanding the tissue and cellular expression pattern of this protein family can provide important insights into their physiologic roles. For example, high expression in epithelial tissues, such as lung, may suggest a biologic function in cellular defense, secretion, or selective absorption.

Non-microfluidic methods for imaging live C. elegans.

There are many challenges to live Caenorhabditis elegans imaging including the high motility of the animals and sustaining their viability for extended periods of time. Commonly used anesthetics to immobilize the C. elegans for imaging purpose prevents feeding of the animals and can cause cellular physiologic changes.