Recovery and Analysis of Bacterial Membrane Vesicle Nanoparticles from Human Plasma Using Dielectrophoresis.

Bacterial membrane vesicle (BMV) nanoparticles are secreted naturally by bacteria throughout their lifecycle and are a rich source of biomarkers from the parent bacteria, but they are currently underutilized for clinical diagnostic applications, such as pathogen identification, due to the time-consuming and low-yield nature of traditional recovery methods required for analysis. The recovery of BMVs is particularly difficult from complex biological fluids. Here, we demonstrate a recovery method that uses dielectrophoretic (DEP) forces generated on electrokinetic microfluidic chips to isolate and analyze BMVs from human plasma.

Collection of serum albumin aggregate nanoparticles from human plasma by dielectrophoresis.

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a fast and reliable nanoparticle recovery method that utilizes nonuniform electric fields to manipulate particles based on their material composition and size, enabling recovery of biologically-derived nanoparticles from plasma for diagnostic applications. When applying DEP to undiluted human plasma, collection of endogenous albumin proteins was observed at electric field gradients much lower than predicted by theory to collect molecular proteins. To understand this collection, nanoparticle tracking analysis of bovine serum albumin (BSA) dissolved in 0.

Multiplex Single-Cell Bioprinting for Engineering of Heterogeneous Tissue Constructs with Subcellular Spatial Resolution.

Tissue development, function, and disease are largely driven by the spatial organization of individual cells and their cell-cell interactions. Precision engineered tissues with single-cell spatial resolution, therefore, have tremendous potential for next generation disease models, drug discovery, and regenerative therapeutics. Despite significant advancements in biofabrication approaches to improve feature resolution, strategies to fabricate tissues with the exact same organization of individual cells in their native cellular microenvironment have remained virtually non-existent to date.

Enhancement of dielectrophoresis-based particle collection from high conducting fluids due to partial electrode insulation.

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a successful method to recover nanoparticles from different types of fluid. The DEP force acting on these particles is created by an electrode microarray that produces a nonuniform electric field. To apply DEP to a highly conducting biological fluid, a protective hydrogel coating over the metal electrodes is required to create a barrier between the electrode and the fluid.

A Description of Apixaban Dosing Patterns for Treatment or Prevention of Thrombotic Events in Hospitalized Patients on Dialysis.

Apixaban is currently the only oral direct factor Xa inhibitor approved for treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients on hemodialysis. Exclusion of dialysis patients from major clinical trials results in prescriber uncertainty regarding the optimal dose of apixaban for VTE treatment in this population. This study sought to characterize the variance in apixaban prescribing patterns for thrombotic indications other than atrial fibrillation.

A quantitative systems approach to identify paracrine mechanisms that locally suppress immune response to Interleukin-12 in the B16 melanoma model.

Interleukin-12 (IL12) enhances anti-tumor immunity when delivered to the tumor microenvironment. However, local immunoregulatory elements dampen the efficacy of IL12. The identity of these local mechanisms used by tumors to suppress immunosurveillance represents a key knowledge gap for improving tumor immunotherapy.