Capsular Contracture After Breast Augmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Capsular contracture is characterized by the formation of a fibrous capsule around a breast implant after an augmentation mammaplasty, and often results in pain, firmness, and implant distortion. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate how implant and surgical characteristics affect rates of capsular contracture after breast augmentation. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed in PubMed MEDLINE, EMBASE (OvidSP), and Cochrane Library.

Care Pathways for Undocumented Migrant Children Seeking Cleft Lip and Palate Care: Institutional Experience, Current State Policies, and Opportunities.

Timely medical care is crucial for optimal outcomes in children with cleft lip and palate. Undocumented migrant children face significant healthcare barriers. This study assesses the demographic characteristics and unmet surgical needs of undocumented children at our institution and analyzes state-level policies affecting their care.

National Trends in Non-Accidental Pediatric Craniofacial Fractures Requiring Inpatient Admission.

Introduction: Pediatric craniofacial trauma, particularly from non-accidental trauma (NAT), is a significant cause of injury with enduring physical and psychological impacts. This study analyzes demographic patterns, injury characteristics, and trends in NAT-related craniofacial injuries to inform early identification, intervention, and prevention efforts.

Methods: Analysis of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids' Inpatient Database was performed for the years 2009 to 2019.

Autologous porcine VRAM flap model for VCA research.

Introduction: As research advances in vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), large animal models are essential for translational studies related to immune rejection and graft survival. However, procurement of large flaps can cause significant defects, complicating wound closure and increasing postoperative risks. This study details the surgical techniques and outcomes of autologous vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap transplantation and neck flap isolation with induced ischemia in a swine model.

A Systematic Review of the Complications Associated with Free Fibular Flaps in Adult and Pediatric Spinal Reconstruction.

Background:  Free fibular flaps have been suggested as a modality of reconstruction for complex spinal deformities. However, there is limited data that describes associated postoperative outcomes. The purpose of this systematic review was to characterize outcomes after spinal reconstruction using the free fibular flap for both adults and children.

Capsular contracture in breast reconstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Capsular contracture after implant-based breast reconstruction is not an uncommon problem and affects reconstruction outcomes. It can be influenced by various factors, such as the plane of implant placement, implant surface and implant type. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate how the abovementioned risk factors can affect capsular contracture rates.

Development of a Porcine VCA Model Using an External Iliac Vessel-Based Vertical Rectus Abdominus Myocutaneous Flap.

Background:  Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) involves transplanting a functional and anatomically complete tissue graft, such as a hand or face, from a deceased donor to a recipient. Although clinical VCA has resulted in successful outcomes, high rates of acute rejection and increased requirements for immunosuppression have led to significant long-term complications. Of note, immunosuppressed graft recipients are predisposed to infections, organ dysfunction, and malignancies.

The use of flaps for management of deep sternal wound complications: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Many options are available for reconstruction after deep sternal wound infections. However, these options have not been critically appraised. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the existing evidence on sternal rewiring versus flap reconstruction and pectoralis major muscle flaps (PMFs) versus greater omental flaps (GOFs).

The Implant-borne Articulation Splint in Fibula Free Flap Mandibular Reconstruction: A Technical Note.

Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing and digitally simulated surgeries have revolutionized maxillomandibular reconstruction. In particular, this technology has increased the accuracy and facilitated the process of dental implantation in fibula free flaps. Despite the efficacy of virtual planning, there is a minor degree of translational difference between digital and intraoperative measurements, which may affect the precision of implant and fibula orientations.

Analysis of postoperative complications related to cannabis and tobacco usage in patients undergoing mandible facial fracture surgeries.

Background: Cannabis is the third most used controlled substance in the world. Despite its widespread use, minimal research investigates cannabis usage in patients undergoing facial fracture surgeries. This study aimed to evaluate patterns of postoperative complications related to cannabis and tobacco usage after mandible fracture surgeries.

Updates in Traumatic Lower Extremity Free Flap Reconstruction.

Lower extremity reconstruction, particularly in the setting of trauma, remains one of the most challenging tasks for the plastic surgeon. Advances in wound management and microsurgical techniques in conjunction with long-term outcomes studies have expanded possibilities for limb salvage, but many aspects of management have continued to rely on principles set forth by Gustilo and Godina in the 1980s. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive update on the various management aspects of traumatic lower extremity microvascular reconstruction based on the latest evidence, with an examination of recent publications.

Outcomes and Perioperative Risk Factors after Oncologic Free-Flap Scalp Reconstruction.

Background:  Little is known about the risk factors associated with complications after free flap scalp reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to identify patient, scalp defect, and flap characteristics associated with increased risk of surgical complications.

Methods:  A retrospective study was performed of free-flap scalp reconstruction in oncologic patients at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center from 2002 to 2017.

Superresolution microscopy reveals actomyosin dynamics in medioapical arrays.

Arrays of actin filaments (F-actin) near the apical surface of epithelial cells (medioapical arrays) contribute to apical constriction and morphogenesis throughout phylogeny. Here, superresolution approaches (grazing incidence structured illumination, GI-SIM, and lattice light sheet, LLSM) microscopy resolve individual, fluorescently labeled F-actin and bipolar myosin filaments that drive amnioserosa cell shape changes during dorsal closure in . In expanded cells, F-actin and myosin form loose, apically domed meshworks at the plasma membrane.

Outcomes in Pediatric Maxillofacial Reconstruction With Vascularized Fibular Flaps: A Systematic Review.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the complications and outcomes after maxillofacial reconstruction using the free fibular flap in the pediatric population.

Methods: A systematic review and descriptive analysis were conducted using data variables, including study characteristics; patient characteristics; postoperative complications (major and minor); surgical revision; and dental rehabilitation.

Results: The systematic review resulted in 1622 articles, 55 of which met inclusion criteria for this study.

Clinical Practice Trends and Postoperative Outcomes in Primary Cleft Rhinoplasty.

Purpose: Optimal correction of the cleft nasal deformity remains challenging. The purpose of this study was to examine the practice patterns and postoperative course of patients undergoing cleft lip repair with rhinoplasty compared to those who have primary lip repair without rhinoplasty.

Methods And Materials: A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on the Kids' Inpatient Database.

Combined Symphyseal and Condylar Fractures: Considerations for Treatment in Growing Pediatric Patients.

Background: Combined symphyseal-condylar mandible fractures are relatively common but difficult to manage in children. This study investigated the cause and management of symphyseal-condylar fractures in pediatric patients.

Methods: This study presents a retrospective review and expert opinion of pediatric symphyseal-condylar mandibular fracture management at the authors' institution between 1990 and 2019.

Analysis of 20-Year Trends in Medicare Reimbursement for Reconstructive Microsurgery.

Background:  Microsurgery is being increasingly utilized across surgical specialties, including plastic surgery. Microsurgical techniques require greater time and financial investment compared with traditional methods. This study aimed to evaluate 20-year trends in Medicare reimbursement and utilization for commonly billed reconstructive microsurgery procedures from 2000 to 2019.

Hepatic Artery Microvascular Anastomosis in Liver Transplantation: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: The operating microscope is used in many centers for microvascular hepatic arterial reconstruction in living as well as deceased donor liver transplantation in adult and pediatric recipients. To date, a systematic review of the literature examining this topic is lacking.

Methods: This systematic review of the literature was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.

Mandibular Reconstruction with Free Fibula Flap for Medication-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Patients with Multiple Myeloma.

While bisphosphonates are the cornerstone for management of multiple myeloma, they are associated with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). There are many controversies in the management of MRONJ in this patient population. In this article, we describe a representative case and, along with a literature review, we report the outcomes of our 3 cases with multiple myeloma who underwent mandible reconstruction with vascularized fibula bone grafts after segmental mandible resection for Stage 3 MRONJ over a 3-year period.

Comparing outcomes between stacked/conjoined and non-stacked/conjoined abdominal microvascular unilateral breast reconstruction.

Background: Stacked and conjoined free flaps are increasingly utilized in autologous breast reconstruction to augment tissue transfer volume. However, there is a paucity of comparative data on abdominally-based stacked/conjoined versus non-stacked/conjoined flaps. The purpose of this study was to compare ability to match native breast size, complications, recovery, and symmetrizing procedures between these two cohorts in unilateral breast reconstruction.

Open Reduction, Internal Fixation of Isolated Mandible Angle Fractures in Growing Children.

Background: Mandible angle fractures can result in significant, long-term morbidity in children. However, management of this particular mandibular fracture type is not well-characterized in the pediatric population. This study investigated isolated mandibular angle fractures in the pediatric patients.

Bradycardia and asystole during temporomandibular joint reconstruction.

Anesthesia providers are familiar with the oculocardiac reflex, one type of trigeminocardiac reflex. While less common, arrhythmias associated with manipulation of other trigeminal nerve branches can occur. We report the presentation and management of bradycardia and asystole from stimulation of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve during temporomandibular joint reconstruction.

The Latest Evolution in Virtual Surgical Planning: Customized Reconstruction Plates in Free Fibula Flap Mandibular Reconstruction.

Background: Virtual surgical planning has contributed to technical advancements in free fibula flap mandible reconstruction. The authors present the largest comparative study on the latest modification of this technology: the use of patient-specific, preoperatively customized reconstruction plates for fixation.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients undergoing mandibular reconstruction with virtually planned free fibula flaps at a single institution between 2008 and 2018.