Interventions to Improve Long-Term Adherence to Physical Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of physical rehabilitation interventions, supplemented with one or more adherence-enhancing components, on outcomes among adults with hip or knee osteoarthritis or chronic lower back pain.

Design: Primary literature search from inception of each database to July 27, 2021, guided by relevant search terms and keywords to search titles and abstracts. All articles meeting eligibility criteria were included for data abstraction.

Seventeen-Year National Pain Prevalence Trends Among U.S. Military Veterans.

U.S. military veterans experience higher pain prevalence than nonveterans.

Seventeen-Year National Pain Prevalence Trends Among U.S. Military Veterans.

Importance: U.S. military veterans experience higher pain prevalence and severity than nonveterans.

Patient Choice After Referral to Physical Therapy for Lower Back Pain and Knee Osteoarthritis.

Objective: To assess factors influencing Veterans' decisions to initiate physical therapy (PT) after referral for low back pain (LBP) or knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Design: Qualitative study using individual semistructured telephone interviews.

Setting: Durham Veterans Health Administration Health Care System.

Social Risk Factors Are Associated With Disability Prevalence - Results From 17 States in the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Purpose: Determine the association between incremental increases in the number of social risk factors and the prevalence of any disability and disability type.

Design: The cross-sectional analysis was conducted using 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from states whose surveys included items about social risk factors.

Setting: Respondents from 17 US states.

Telehealth for the Longitudinal Management of Chronic Conditions: Systematic Review.

Background: Extensive literature support telehealth as a supplement or adjunct to in-person care for the management of chronic conditions such as congestive heart failure (CHF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Evidence is needed to support the use of telehealth as an equivalent and equitable replacement for in-person care and to assess potential adverse effects.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review to address the following question: among adults, what is the effect of synchronous telehealth (real-time response among individuals via phone or phone and video) compared with in-person care (or compared with phone, if synchronous video care) for chronic management of CHF, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and T2DM on key disease-specific clinical outcomes and health care use?

Methods: We followed systematic review methodologies and searched two databases (MEDLINE and Embase).

Effect of Patient Use of Physical Therapy After Referral for Musculoskeletal Conditions on Future Medical Utilization: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether physical therapy use influenced subsequent use of musculoskeletal-related surgeries, injections, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other imaging.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients aged 18 to 64 years who had an ambulatory care visit at the University of Utah system, after implementation of the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems with adequate data collection in the system at the time of the data pull, between October 1, 2015, and September 30, 2018. We identified patients (n = 85 186) who received care for a musculoskeletal condition (lower back pain, cervical, knee, shoulder, hip, elbow, ankle, wrist/hand, thoracic, and arthritis diagnoses).

Association of Burden and Prevalence of Arthritis With Disparities in Social Risk Factors, Findings From 17 US States.

Introduction: Social risks previously have been associated with arthritis prevalence and costs. Although social risks often cluster among individuals, no studies have examined associations between multiple social risks within the same individual. Our objective was to determine the association between individual and multiple social risks and the prevalence and burden of arthritis by using a representative sample of adults in 17 US states.

Patients' use of physical therapy for lower back pain: A qualitative study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify factors that influence a patient's decision to use physical therapy (PT) services for a low back pain (LBP) complaint.

Methods: Semi-structured qualitative phone interviews were conducted with patients who were offered an early outpatient PT visit secondary to patients' primary appointment for LBP with a non-operative sports medicine specialist physician. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to identify themes using an iterative process.

Optimization of Spinal Manipulative Therapy Protocols: A Factorial Randomized Trial Within a Multiphase Optimization Framework.

Spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) is a common nonpharmacological treatment for low back pain (LBP). Although generally supported by systematic reviews and practice guidelines, clinical trials evaluating SMT have been characterized by small effect sizes. This study adopts a Multiphase Optimization Strategy framework to examine individual components of an SMT delivery protocol using a single-blind trial with the goal of identifying and optimizing a multicomponent SMT protocol.

Identifying patients who access musculoskeletal physical therapy: a retrospective cohort analysis.

Background: Musculoskeletal conditions are common and cause high levels of disability and costs. Physical therapy is recommended for many musculoskeletal conditions. Past research suggests that referral rates appear to have increased over time, but the rate of accessing a physical therapist appears unchanged.

Optimizing treatment protocols for spinal manipulative therapy: study protocol for a randomized trial.

Background: Low back pain is a common and costly condition. Spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) is a treatment supported in some guidelines, although most clinical trials examining SMT report small effect sizes. Enhancing the effects of SMT requires an understanding of underlying mechanisms and a systematic approach to leverage understanding of mechanisms to create more effective treatment protocols that are scalable in clinical practice.

Crystal structure of the antimicrobial peptidase lysostaphin from Staphylococcus simulans.

Unlabelled: Staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus lysostaphin efficiently cleaves Staphylococcus aureus cell walls. The protein is in late clinical trials as a topical anti-staphylococcal agent, and can be used to prevent staphylococcal growth on artificial surfaces. Moreover, the gene has been both stably engineered into and virally delivered to mice or livestock to obtain resistance against staphylococci.

Mood assessment via animated characters: a novel instrument to evaluate feelings in young children with anxiety disorders.

We evaluated a novel, computerized feelings assessment instrument (MAAC) in 54 children with anxiety disorders and 35 nonanxious children ages 5 to 11. They rated their feelings relative to 16 feeling animations. Ratings of feelings, order of feeling selection, and correlations with standardized anxiety measures were examined.