Hyperextension Varus Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fracture Pattern: Diagnosis and Treatment Strategies.

Objectives: The authors have identified a subset of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures with a hyperextension varus deformity (HEVBTP). The radiographic hallmarks of this pattern are (1) sagittal plane malalignment with loss of the normal posterior slope of the tibial plateau, (2) tension failure of the posterior cortex, (3) compression of the anterior cortex, and (4) varus deformity in the coronal plan. The purpose of this study was to describe this fracture pattern, to compare the associated injuries with non-HEVBTP fractures, and to suggest treatment strategies that may allow for improved reduction and stabilization.

Successful Fusion of the Proximal Tibiofibular Joint with Osteogenic Protein-1 (OP-1) Augmentation.

Proximal tibiofibular joint (PTFJ) instability is rare, but when encountered can be difficult to manage. Previously reported forms of treatment, including cast immobilization, soft tissue repairs and reconstructions, and fibular head resection have met with limited success. Another option is PTFJ arthrodesis-however, fusion can be difficult and ankle pain after surgery is not uncommon.

Bone morphogenetic proteins-signaling plays a role in tendon-to-bone healing: a study of rhBMP-2 and noggin.

Background: Successful anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction requires secure healing between tendon and bone.

Hypothesis: Bone morphogenetic protein-signaling plays an important role in tendon-to-bone healing. rhBMP-2, a powerful osteoinductive agent, can improve tendon-bone interdigitation.

Cyclophilin A regulates TCR signal strength in CD4+ T cells via a proline-directed conformational switch in Itk.

Cyclophilin A (CypA/Ppia) is a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIase) that binds the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine. The resulting complex blocks T cell function by inhibiting the calcium-dependent phosphatase calcineurin. To identify the native function of CypA, long suspected of regulating signal transduction, we generated mice lacking the Ppia gene.