Publications by authors named "Jason Plyler"

Article Synopsis
  • - Vaccine priming using germline-targeting immunogens could enhance the development of precision vaccines for serious human diseases, as shown in a clinical trial of eOD-GT8 60mer.
  • - The trial found that participants receiving a higher vaccine dose had more VRC01-class bnAb-precursor B cells compared to those receiving a lower dose, but the differences were primarily linked to their IGHV1-2 genotypes.
  • - The study highlights the importance of understanding genetic variations in immune response (specifically immunoglobulin alleles) when creating and testing new vaccines in clinical settings.
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Article Synopsis
  • Vaccine priming immunogens that target specific immune responses show potential for creating effective vaccines against major diseases.
  • A clinical trial of the eOD-GT8 60mer found that participants receiving a higher dose had more B cells related to broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) than those on a lower dose.
  • The differences in response were more linked to genetic variations in immunoglobulin alleles among participants than to the vaccine dose, highlighting the importance of considering genetic diversity in vaccine design and testing.
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Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) can protect against HIV infection but have not been induced by human vaccination. A key barrier to bnAb induction is vaccine priming of rare bnAb-precursor B cells. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 clinical trial, the HIV vaccine-priming candidate eOD-GT8 60mer adjuvanted with AS01 had a favorable safety profile and induced VRC01-class bnAb precursors in 97% of vaccine recipients with median frequencies reaching 0.

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Vaccine-induced memory B cell responses to evolving viruses like influenza A involve activation of pre-existing immunity and generation of new responses. To define the contribution of these two types of responses, we analyzed the response to H7N9 vaccination in H7N9-naive adults. We performed comprehensive comparisons at the single-cell level of the kinetics, Ig repertoire, and activation phenotype of established pre-existing memory B cells recognizing conserved epitopes and the newly generated memory B cells directed toward H7 strain-specific epitopes.

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Induction of an antibody response capable of recognizing highly diverse strains is a major obstacle to the development of vaccines for viruses such as HIV and influenza. Here, we report the dynamics of B cell expansion and evolution at the single-cell level after vaccination with a replication-competent adenovirus type 4 recombinant virus expressing influenza H5 hemagglutinin. Fluorescent H1 or H5 probes were used to quantitate and isolate peripheral blood B cells and their antigen receptors.

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Increasing evidence suggests that chromosomal regions containing microRNAs are functionally important in cancers. Here, we show that genomic loci encoding miR-204 are frequently lost in multiple cancers, including ovarian cancers, pediatric renal tumors, and breast cancers. MiR-204 shows drastically reduced expression in several cancers and acts as a potent tumor suppressor, inhibiting tumor metastasis in vivo when systemically delivered.

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The simian virus 40 (SV40) genome is a model system frequently employed for investigating eukaryotic replication. Large T-antigen (T-ag) is a viral protein responsible for unwinding the SV40 genome and recruiting necessary host factors prior to replication. In addition to duplex unwinding T-ag possesses G-quadruplex DNA helicase activity, the physiological consequence of which is unclear.

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