Ankle Fracture Epidemiology in the United States: Patient-Related Trends and Mechanisms of Injury.

Current nationwide epidemiological data regarding ankle fractures are scarce. Such information is important towards better quantifying the mortality associated with such injuries, financial impact, as well as the implementation of preventative measures. This study evaluated the epidemiology of ankle fractures that occurred during a 5-year period.

Epidermal growth factor differentially affects integrin-mediated adhesion and proliferation of ACL and MCL fibroblasts.

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the medial collateral ligament (MCL) are two commonly injured structures in the human knee. While the MCL heals post-traumatically, the ACL does not. Since growth factors play a major role in the proliferation phase of wound healing, we compared the differential effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on adhesion and proliferation of ACL and MCL fibroblasts.