Dysautonomic responses during percutaneous carotid intervention: principles of physiology and management.

Percutaneous carotid artery stenting (CAS) has emerged as a less invasive alternative to carotid endarterectomy for the treatment of carotid atherosclerotic disease. The main risk of CAS is the occurrence of neuro-vascular complications; however, carotid artery stenting-related dysautonomia (CAS-D) (hypertension, hypotension, and bradycardia) is the most frequently reported problem occurring in the periprocedural period. Alterations in autonomic homeostasis result from baroreceptor stimulation, which occurs particularly at the time of balloon inflation in the region of the carotid sinus.

Critical evaluation of stents in the peripheral arterial disease of the superficial femoral artery - focus on the paclitaxel eluting stent.

The endovascular management of obstructive disease of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) is challenging due to unique anatomical and biomechanical forces. Obstructive lesions of the SFA make up the largest proportion of lesions leading to symptomatic peripheral arterial disease. Accordingly, endovascular treatment of SFA disease is becoming increasingly common and, in many cases, is the preferred initial therapy.

Management of symptomatic carotid disease in 2014.

Extracranial carotid artery stenosis accounts for up to 12 % of stroke, the third leading cause of death in industrialized nations. Carotid stenoses leading to transient or permanent neurologic or retinal symptoms within the preceding 6 months are deemed symptomatic and require prompt noninvasive evaluation and treatment. Preventive medical therapy is standard for symptomatic carotid stenosis and continues to evolve.

Age alterations in extent and severity of experimental intranasal infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae in BALB/c mice.

The intracellular bacterium Chlamydophila ("Chlamydia") pneumoniae is a pathogen for several respiratory diseases and may be a factor in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases of aging including atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. We assessed whether aging is coupled with increased burden of infection in BALB/c mice after intranasal infection by C. pneumoniae.