Region-specific ischemia, neovascularization and macular oedema in treatment-naïve proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Importance: Region-specific pathology in proliferative diabetic retinopathy enhances our understanding and management of this disease.

Background: To investigate non-perfusion, neovascularization and macular oedema.

Design: A cross-sectional, observational, non-randomized study.

Clearing the Air: The Importance of Filter Replacement for Welding Fume Extraction Systems.

For as much as you might be tempted to cut costs, filter replacement isn't a good place to do it. Not all replacement filters are alike, even if they are specifically designed to fit your system.

Autoshortloop feedback regulation of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion by its metabolite, GnRH-(1-5).

Given the central role of the decapeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in reproductive function, our long-term objective is to delineate the underlying mechanism regulating these reproductive processes. The outcome of GnRH secretion is in part dependent on the proteolytic metabolism of this decapeptide. In contrast to the belief that the metabolism of GnRH serves only as a degradative process that removes excess GnRH, we have shown that a metabolite of the decapeptide, GnRH-(1-5), can directly regulate GnRH gene expression and reproductive behavior.

Chronic systemic administration of serotonergic ligands flibanserin and 8-OH-DPAT enhance HPA axis responses to restraint in female marmosets.

Background: Flibanserin, a novel serotonin (5-HT)(1A) agonist and 5-HT(2A) antagonist, has been shown to increase sexual desire and reduce distress in women with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD). In marmoset monkeys, flibanserin has demonstrated pro-social effects on male-female pairmates, while the classic 5-HT(1A) agonist 8-OH-DPAT suppresses female sexual behavior and increases aggressive interactions between pairmates. Activation of 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(2A) receptors is known to stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.

Flibanserin and 8-OH-DPAT implicate serotonin in association between female marmoset monkey sexual behavior and changes in pair-bond quality.

Introduction: Psychopathological origins of personally distressing, hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in women are unknown, but are generally attributed to an inhibitory neural regulator, serotonin (5-HT). Flibanserin, a 5-HT(1A) agonist and 5-HT(2A) antagonist, shows promise as a treatment for HSDD.

Aim: To test the hypothesis that female marmoset sexual behavior is enhanced by flibanserin and diminished by 8-OH-DPAT, in order to evaluate the efficacy of serotonergic modulation of female sexual behavior in a pairmate social setting comparable to humans.