Analytical prediction of genetic contribution across multiple recurrent backcrossing generations.

We derive formulas for the residual donor genome content during trait introgression via recurrent backcrossing and use these formulas to predict (without simulation) residual donor genome content for five future generations. Trait introgression is a common method for introducing valuable genes or alleles into breeding populations and inbred cultivars. The particular breeding scheme is usually designed to maximize the genetic similarity of the converted lines to the recurrent parent while minimizing cost and time to recover the near isogenic lines.

The impact of physical activity and an additional behavioural risk factor on cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality: a systematic review.

Background: Regular physical activity improves overall health, and has the capacity to reduce risk of chronic diseases and death. However, better understanding of the relationship between multiple lifestyle risk behaviours and disease outcomes is pertinent for prioritising public health messaging. The aim of this systematic review is to examine the association between physical inactivity in combination with additional lifestyle risk behaviours (smoking, alcohol, diet, or sedentary behaviour) for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality.

Profiling sedentary behavior in breast cancer survivors: Links with depression symptoms during the early survivorship period.

Objective: Depression symptoms are prevalent among breast cancer survivors (BCS). Reducing sedentary behavior (SED) may be a non-pharmaceutical strategy for alleviating depression symptoms. However, little is known about SED among BCS.

The Effects of Age, Adiposity, and Physical Activity on the Risk of Seven Site-Specific Fractures in Postmenopausal Women.

Risk factors for fracture of the neck of the femur are relatively well established, but those for fracture at other sites are little studied. In this large population study we explore the role of age, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity on the risk of fracture at seven sites in postmenopausal women. As part of the Million Women Study, 1,154,821 postmenopausal UK women with a mean age of 56.

Physical and psychological health among breast cancer survivors: interactions with sedentary behavior and physical activity.

Background: Reducing sedentary behavior (SED) may be one promising strategy to reduce treatment-related side effects in breast cancer given the unique health benefits distinct from the beneficial effects of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA).

Objectives: To examine the associations between SED and the late-effects symptoms of pain, fatigue, and depression among breast cancer survivors (BCS), and the interactive associations between SED, light PA, and MVPA on these symptoms.

Methods: One hundred and ninety-five BCS provided baseline data 3 to 4 months post-systemic treatment, as part of the Life After Breast Cancer: Moving On longitudinal study.

The use of the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire in oncology research: a systematic review.

Background: The Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (GSLTPAQ) is one of the most often used questionnaires in oncology research, yet modifications to the scale are done with little evidence of psychometric testing. This study aimed to (i) document the frequency of use of the questionnaire for ranking (i.e.

Validation of the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire classification coding system using accelerometer assessment among breast cancer survivors.

Purpose: The aim of this research was to provide convergent validity evidence for the use of the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (GSLTPAQ) to classify breast cancer survivors into active and insufficiently active categories.

Methods: Data were collected among a sample of breast cancer survivors (N = 199; mean age = 55 years) to examine the association between physical activity assessed with a GT3X triaxial accelerometer and the use of the GSLTPAQ's coding system recently proposed by Godin (2011). Participants self-reported moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) performed in a typical week on the GSLTPAQ and those with MVPA leisure score index ≥ 24 were classified as active.

Selfing for the design of genomic selection experiments in biparental plant populations.

Self-fertilization (selfing) is commonly used for population development in plant breeding, and it is well established that selfing increases genetic variance between lines, thus increasing response to phenotypic selection. Furthermore, numerous studies have explored how selfing can be deployed to maximal benefit in the context of traditional plant breeding programs (Cornish in Heredity 65:201-211,1990a, Heredity 65:213-220,1990b; Liu et al. in Theor Appl Genet 109:370-376, 2004; Pooni and Jinks in Heredity 54:255-260, 1985).

Location-dependent empirical thresholds for quantitative trait mapping.

The Churchill-Doerge approach toward constructing empirical thresholds has received widespread use in the genetic mapping literature through the past 16 years. The method is valued for both its simplicity and its ability to preserve the genome-wide error rate at a prespecified level. However, the Churchill-Doerge method is not designed to maintain the local (comparison-wise) error rate at a constant level except in situations that are unlikely to occur in practice.

On the choice of prior density for the Bayesian analysis of pedigree structure.

This article is concerned with the choice of structural prior density for use in a fully Bayesian approach to pedigree inference. It is found that the choice of prior has considerable influence on the accuracy of the estimation. To guide this choice, a scale invariance property is introduced.