Comparison of intraoral and extraoral scanners on the accuracy of digital model articulation.

Unlabelled: Digital dental technology is increasingly becoming an integral part of the modern orthodontic practice. The accuracy of digitally articulated models is critical when developing orthodontic treatment plans.

Objective: to determine the accuracy of model articulation generated by extraoral and intraoral scanners.

Embryonic overexpression of receptors for advanced glycation end-products by alveolar epithelium induces an imbalance between proliferation and apoptosis.

Receptors for advanced glycation end-products (RAGEs) are multiligand cell surface receptors highly expressed in the lung that contribute to alveolar epithelial cell differentiation during embryogenesis and the modulation of pulmonary inflammation during disease. When RAGEs are overexpressed throughout embryogenesis, severe lung hypoplasia ensues, culminating in perinatal lethality. However, the possible mechanisms that lead to the disappearance of pulmonary tissue remain unclear.

Immunohistochemical detection and regulation of α5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits by FoxA2 during mouse lung organogenesis.

Background: α5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits structurally stabilize functional nAChRs in many non-neuronal tissue types. The expression of α5 nAChR subunits and cell-specific markers were assessed during lung morphogenesis by co-localizing immunohistochemistry from embryonic day (E) 13.5 to post natal day (PN) 20.