Ultra-Micro-Scale-Fractionation (UMSF) as a Powerful Tool for Bioactive Molecules Discovery.

Herein is detailed the development and validation of an ultra-micro-scale-fractionation (UMSF) technique for the discovery of plant-based, bioactive molecules, coupling the advantages of ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) separations with microtiter plate-based bioassay screens. This novel one-step approach simultaneously uses UPLC to collect chemical profile information, while performing high-resolution fractionation, greatly improving workflow compared to methods relying on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), solid phase extraction or flash systems for chromatographic separations. Using the UMSF technique, researchers are able to utilize smaller quantities of starting materials, reduce solvent consumption during fractionation, reduce laborious solvent dry down times, replace costly single-use solid-phase-extraction cartridges with reusable analytical-sale UPLC columns, reduce fractionation times to less than 10 min, while simultaneously generating chemical profile data of active fractions and enjoying superior chromatographic resolution.

Phytochemical Characterization of Wild Hops ( ssp. ) Germplasm Resources From the Maritimes Region of Canada.

A survey was conducted in the Maritimes region of eastern Canada to measure the phytochemical diversity of prenylchalcone, soft resins (alpha & beta acids), and flavonol constituents from 30 unique wild-growing populations of hops ( L.). Based on cone chemometrics, the majority of accessions (63.

Transcriptional profiling of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis exposed to ethanolic extract of organic cranberry pomace.

Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica serovars continue to be an important food safety issue worldwide. Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait) fruits possess antimicrobial properties due to their various acids and phenolic compounds; however, the underlying mechanism of actions is poorly understood. We evaluated the effects of cranberry extracts on the growth rate of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium, Enteritidis and Heidelberg and on the transcriptomic profile of Salmonella Enteritidis to gain insight into phenotypic and transcriptional changes induced by cranberry extracts on this pathogen.

Effects of cyanidin 3-0-glucoside on cardiac structure and function in an animal model of myocardial infarction.

Cyanidin 3-0-glucoside (CG) is a polyphenol with potential health benefits. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, the cardioprotective effects of CG in an animal model of myocardial infarction (MI), a major cause of death worldwide. Sham and MI rats were administered CG (10 mg kg day) daily for one week prior to surgery, and 8 weeks post-surgery.

NMR characterization of novel pyranoanthocyanins derived from the pulp of Panax quinquefolius L. (North American ginseng).

Three major pigments (one natural and two derived) were determined to be present in the berry pulp of Panax quinquefolius L. (North American ginseng). The first was a simple anthocyanin (pelargonidin 3-O-lathyroside) along with two novel pyranoanthocyanins, structurally similar to those recently discovered in Staghorn sumac.

Isolation and structural characterization of unusual pyranoanthocyanins and related anthocyanins from Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina L.) via UPLC-ESI-MS, (1)H, (13)C, and 2D NMR spectroscopy.

The six major anthocyanins found in the burgundy coloured fruits of Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina L.) were isolated and the structures of four compounds were determined by NMR spectroscopic methods as being: 7-O-methyl-delphinidin-3-O-(2″galloyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside; 7-O-methyl-cyanidin-3-O-(2″galloyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside; 7-O-methyl-delphinidin-3-O-(2″'galloyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside-4-vinyl-catechol-3″-O-β-d-glucopyranoside; and 7-O-methyl-cyanidin-3-O-(2″'galloyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside-4-vinyl-catechol-3″-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, respectively. Additionally, two related anthocyanin compounds, cyanidin-3-O-(2″galloyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside and 7-O-methyl-cyanidin-3-O-β-d-galactopyranoside were also recovered, with NMR spectroscopic values closely matching previous reports from other plant species.

Evaluation of antioxidant activities and chemical characterisation of staghorn sumac fruit (Rhus hirta L.).

Staghorn sumac (Rhus hirta L.) is a native tree in Eastern Canada whose fruit has been used by aboriginal peoples to treat various illnesses, and has recently been found to be a good source of antioxidants. However, the phytochemical composition of R.

Improved high performance liquid chromatographic separation of anthocyanin compounds from grapes using a novel mixed-mode ion-exchange reversed-phase column.

A novel mixed mode HPLC method using a column combining both ion-exchange and reversed-phase separation mechanisms has been developed to facilitate analysis of anthocyanins in grapes. Chromatographic performance and subsequent analysis of anthocyanidin diglucosides and acylated compounds are significantly improved using the new column, compared to those associated with conventional C18 reversed-phase methods. The mixed mode column produces a distinctive eluting pattern for the different anthocyanin subgroups, avoiding overlaps found with C18 columns.