Updates in Assisted Advanced Technology for Microvascular Free Tissue Transfer in Head and Neck Surgery.

Microvascular free tissue transfer in head and neck surgery has evolved through technological advancements, focusing on enhancing surgical outcomes and reducing complications. The strategic process involves preoperative planning for perforator mapping, intraoperative devices for microvascular anastomoses and patient positioning, and innovative postoperative monitoring techniques ensuring flap viability. This workflow has led to a high flap success rate, although revision surgery can still be necessary.

Examining timing of periorbital interventions in patients with upper division facial paralysis.

Background: Facial paralysis is a life-altering condition that may arise from various etiologies, ranging from trauma to malignancy. Permanent facial paralysis may occur secondary to facial nerve sacrifice or irreversible damage to the nerve. In these particularly devastating cases, protection and maintaining function of the eye is paramount.

Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the management of head and neck cancer patients with persistent cervical lymphadenopathy following chemoradiation.

Background: We aim to describe the management and outcomes of patients with persistent lymphadenopathy (LAD) after primary chemoradiation for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) based on post-treatment PET/CT results.

Methods: Retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients who underwent primary concurrent chemoradiation for HNSCC at a tertiary care center from 2010 to 2022 and had persistent post-treatment LAD.

Results: Nearly 62% of patients were managed conservatively, and 27.

Beta-defensin index: A functional biomarker for oral cancer detection.

There is an unmet clinical need for a non-invasive and cost-effective test for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that informs clinicians when a biopsy is warranted. Human beta-defensin 3 (hBD-3), an epithelial cell-derived anti-microbial peptide, is pro-tumorigenic and overexpressed in early-stage OSCC compared to hBD-2. We validate this expression dichotomy in carcinoma in situ and OSCC lesions using immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.

Development of hypothyroidism following hemithyroidectomy: A population-based study.

Purpose: Hypothyroidism is a known possibility after hemithyroidectomy, with a highly variable incidence in the literature ranging from 8 to 60 %. Incidence of hypothyroidism after hemithyroidectomy was evaluated with a secondary aim to assess incidence in patients with Hashimoto's disease.

Materials & Methods: A retrospective study using the TriNetX global federated research network was performed.

Is sentinel lymph node biopsy needed for lentigo maligna melanoma?

Background And Objectives: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is an area of debate in the management of lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM). The utility of SLNB and its prognostic value in LMM have not yet been studied with large databases.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the National Cancer Database (2012-2020) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (2010-2019) database for patients with cutaneous nonmetastatic LMM with Breslow thickness >1.

Prognostic significance of time trends in treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To analyze the impact of demographic, clinical, and management variables on time to treatment initiation (TTI) and overall survival (OS).

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer from 2018 to 2020 were reviewed.

Incidence and medical complications of COVID-19 in the total laryngectomy population: A population-based study.

Objectives: Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers treated with total laryngectomy (TL) may provide a unique avenue for COVID-19 to infect cancer patients. The objective of this investigation was to identify incidence of COVID-19 infection and potential complications in TL patients.

Materials And Methods: Data was extracted from TriNetX COVID-19 research network from from 2019 to 2021 and ICD-10 codes were utilized to query for laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer, and outcomes of interest.

Loss to Follow-up in Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: To evaluate the reporting and rates of loss to follow-up (LTFU) in head and neck cancer (HNC) randomized controlled trials based in the United States.

Data Sources: Pubmed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus databases.

Review Methods: A systematic review of titles in Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was performed.

Treatment failure patterns are similar between p16- and p16+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas.

Background: The incidence of p16+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has been increasing. The notion that p16+ OPSCC has a propensity for atypical and disseminating metastasis has gained traction. We compared treatment failure patterns in p16+ and p16- OPSCC and evaluated survival impact.

Job market in head and neck surgery: A survey and analysis of recent fellowship graduates.

Objective: Recent years have seen increase in individuals pursuing postgraduate fellowships in head and neck (HN) surgery. This has presented concerns about insufficient jobs where graduates can apply their scope of specialized training.

Methods: Data was collected in two manners- a survey and a manual online search of American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) fellowship graduates.

Impact of intraoperative ischemia time on acute complications of head and neck microvascular free tissue transfer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To evaluate the relationship between intraoperative ischemia time with acute microvascular free tissue transfer (MFTT) complications in head and neck reconstruction.

Methods: A systematic review using PRISMA guidelines was performed. Inclusion encompassed all available studies published and indexed using PubMed, Medline, and Embase.

Occult nodal metastasis in major salivary gland malignancy: An update from the National Cancer Database.

Objectives: Malignant salivary gland tumors are rare neoplasms that are vastly heterogenous in their histological patterns and clinical behaviors. As a consequence, studies have lacked the robust sample sizes needed to define treatment strategies. In this study, we used the National Cancer Database to identify the incidence of occult nodal metastasis and effect on overall survival for the most common malignant salivary gland subtypes.

Incidence of Bell Palsy in Patients With COVID-19.

This cohort study compares the incidence of Bell palsy among patients with COVID-19 and those vaccinated against the disease.

Validated Outcome Measures and Postsurgical Scar Assessment Instruments in Auricular Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Background: The utilization of an assessment instrument that successfully analyzes validated outcome measures for auricular surgery is important for advancing evidence-based medicine.

Objective: To systematically review postsurgical scar assessment instruments and outcome measures after auricular surgery to assess if any individual or combination of 2 assessment instruments encompass all relevant, validated auricular outcome measures.

Methods: Two systematic reviews were conducted using the PubMed/MEDLINE and Ovid databases: one for postauricular surgical outcome measures and another for postsurgical scar assessment instruments.

Impact of perioperative pain management protocol on opioid prescribing patterns.

Objectives/hypothesis: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the impact of preoperative education, patient risk stratification, and a postoperative pain management protocol for common head and neck procedures on opioid prescribing patterns and postoperative pain reporting.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: A postoperative pain management protocol was developed and implemented for patients undergoing head and neck surgical procedures.

Surgical outreach and microvascular surgery in developing countries.

Due to the discrepancy between surgical demand and resources in Low-Middle Income Countries (LMIC), surgical outreach programs (SOP) have increased in popularity. In these resource-constrained healthcare environments, the resources necessary to perform basic head and neck procedures are often lacking, and offering microvascular reconstruction adds yet another level of complexity. Here we discuss the difficulties and challenges in establishing a SOP abroad and more specifically some of the challenges specific to microvascular reconstruction - including patient selection, burden of cost, lack of infrastructure and equipment, and patient follow up and outcomes.

Submental artery island flap versus free flap reconstruction of lateral facial soft tissue and parotidectomy defects: Comparison of outcomes and patient factors.

Objectives: The submental artery island flap (SIF) has recently been described in temporal bone defects. At our institution we have broadened the application of the SIF and modified the harvest technique for complex lateral facial and skull base defects. Our primary aim is to evaluate the outcomes of patients undergoing complex lateral facial soft tissue, parotidectomy, and temporal bone defects who are reconstructed with the SIF to a similar cohort undergoing free tissue transfer reconstruction.

Synthesis of triazole-oxazolidinones via a one-pot reaction and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity.

C-5-substituted triazole-oxazolidinones were synthesized using a bromide catalyzed cycloaddition between aryl isocyanates and epibromohydrin followed by a three-component Huisgen cycloaddition. The library of compounds was screened for antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 14468, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Notably, the 3-(4-acetyl-phenyl)-5-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-oxazolidin-2-one (18) showed an MIC of 1 microg/mL against M.