GCN2-SLC7A11 axis coordinates autophagy, cell cycle and apoptosis and regulates cell growth in retinoblastoma upon arginine deprivation.

Background: Arginine deprivation was previously shown to inhibit retinoblastoma cell proliferation and induce cell death in vitro. However, the mechanisms by which retinoblastoma cells respond to arginine deprivation remain to be elucidated.

Methods: The human-derived retinoblastoma cell lines Y79 and WERI-Rb-1 were subjected to arginine depletion, and the effects on inhibiting cell growth and survival were evaluated.

Preterm postnatal complications and risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Aim: To investigate the association between the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and preterm birth and determine how postnatal complications in children born preterm is associated with the risk of ADHD.

Method: This population-based cohort study used data from the Hong Kong electronic medical records. We followed 359 614 children (48% female; 6-17 years old, mean 11 years 7 months, SD 3 years 2 months) born in public hospitals in Hong Kong from 1st January 2004 to 31st December 2014 and collected medical records and demographic details for mothers and children until 11th November 2020.

Antagonists of growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor induce apoptosis specifically in retinoblastoma cells.

Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular cancer in children worldwide. Current treatments mainly involve combinations of chemotherapies, cryotherapies, and laser-based therapies. Severe or late-stage disease may require enucleation or lead to fatality.

Surgical outcome of medial rectus resection in recurrent exotropia: a novel surgical formula.

Purpose. To evaluate the surgical outcomes of unilateral or bilateral medial rectus (MR) muscle resection for recurrent exotropia after bilateral lateral rectus (BLR) muscle recession based on a novel surgical formula. Methods.

Safe excision of a large overhanging cystic bleb following autologous blood injection and compression suture.

Here, we report a large, overhanging cystic bleb that compromised vision and induced a foreign body sensation in a patient who underwent a trabeculectomy surgery with anti-metabolite therapy 4 years prior. Ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed multiple loculations with thin septa inside the bleb and a high risk of damage to the bleb was anticipated with a straight forward surgical excision. We injected autologous blood and placed a compression suture 6 weeks prior to surgical excision of the overhanging portion of the bleb.