Duane Retraction Syndrome With Mechanical and Innervational Upshoot and Secondary Superior Rectus Contracture: A Surgical Challenge.

Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) with mechanical and innervational upshoot poses a surgical challenge. We discuss a case of DRS with mechanical and innervational upshoot and its surgical management. An 11-year-old boy presented with left eye upward deviation since birth.

Optic Neuropathy in an Autistic Child With Vitamin A Deficiency: A Case Report and Literature Review.

An eight-year-old boy with autism developed gradual onset of vision loss and nyctalopia. Dietary history revealed a diet of only French fries and potato chips for the past four years. As a result, serum vitamin A was severely below the normal level.