Global differences and risk factors influencing drug hypersensitivity quality of life: A multicenter, multiethnic study of drug allergy across 3 continents.

Background: Penicillin allergy labels are associated with many adverse outcomes. Fear and restriction of future medication use also have an impact on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). However, the impact of a drug allergy on HR-QoL and its associated factors remains unknown.

Tolerance of penicillin V in patients with confirmed delayed hypersensitivity reactions to aminopenicillins.

Delayed drug hypersensitivity reactions have varied clinical phenotypes, from common maculopapular exanthem (MPE) to the rare but severe drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). Few studies showed cross-reactivity between R1-side chains of aminopenicillins and aminocephalosporins in delayed (T-cell-mediated) hypersensitivity with tolerability for other penicillins and cephalosporins. We aim to describe a cohort of patients with confirmed delayed hypersensitivity to aminopenicillins who safely tolerate penicillin V, which has a different R1 side chain.

Adult penicillin allergy programmes in Australian hospitals: a practical guide from the National Antibiotic Allergy Network.

Penicillin allergy is a significant burden on patient, prescribing and hospital outcomes. There has been increasing interest in the incorporation of penicillin allergy testing (i.e.

Bibliometric analysis of the trends and evolution in β-lactam allergy research.

Background: β-Lactams remain the most reported drug allergy globally, with the volume and diversity of related drug allergy research continuing to accumulate. Recognizing evolving research trends can help inform future directions and encourage synergistic collaborations.

Objective: We conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of all publications relevant to β-lactam allergy, with a focus on longitudinal publication rates, international collaborations, and key word/trend analysis.

SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 T cells from people with long COVID establish and maintain effector phenotype and key TCR signatures over 2 years.

Long COVID occurs in a small but important minority of patients following COVID-19, reducing quality of life and contributing to healthcare burden. Although research into underlying mechanisms is evolving, immunity is understudied. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses are of key importance for viral clearance and COVID-19 recovery.

Protocol for a clinically annotated biorepository of samples from Australian immune-compromised patients to investigate the host-microbiome interaction.

Introduction: The human gut microbiota has the potential to modulate the outcomes of several human diseases. This effect is likely to be mediated through interaction with the host immune system. This protocol details the establishment of a biorepository of clinically annotated samples, which we will use to explore correlations between the gut microbiota and the immune system of immune-compromised patients.

Evaluating diagnostic tools, outcome measures and antibiotic approach in diabetic foot osteomyelitis: a scoping review and narrative synthesis.

Introduction: Diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) is a significant complication of diabetic foot disease; however, diagnosis remains challenging and treatment success is difficult to ascertain. Literature in this space that has utilized varying diagnostic criteria and ideal outcome measures for success is unclear.

Areas Covered: This scoping review assesses methods of diagnosis of DFO and definitions of treatment outcomes in the literature assessing antibiotic therapy for treatment of DFO.

The Australasian Registry for Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (AUS-SCAR) - Providing a roadmap for closing the diagnostic, patient, and healthcare gaps for a group of rare drug eruptions.

Background: Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR) are a group of delayed presumed T-cell mediated hypersensitivities associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite their shared global healthcare burden and impact, the clinical phenotypes, genomic predisposition, drug causality, and treatment outcomes may vary. We describe the establishment and results from the first Australasian registry for SCAR (AUS-SCAR), that via a collaborative network advances strategies for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of SCAR.

A call to address penicillin allergy labels in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplants: How to avoid rash decisions.

Among patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplants, infections, particularly multidrug-resistant infections, pose a grave threat. In this setting, penicillin allergy labels are both common and harmful. Though the majority of patients who report penicillin allergy can actually tolerate penicillin, penicillin allergy labels are associated with use of alternative antibiotics, which are often more broad spectrum, less effective, and more toxic.

Effectiveness of direct delabelling of allergy labels in type A adverse drug reactions to penicillin: a multicentre hospitalwide prospective cohort study.

Background: Patient-reported penicillin allergy labels (PALs) are associated with adverse patient outcomes and inappropriate antibiotic prescribing. Removal of PALs via direct oral challenge (DOC) is associated with increased penicillin utilization post removal.

Objectives: To assess the impact of direct delabelling (allergy label removal via medical reconciliation alone) of type A adverse drug reaction (ADR) PALs on inpatient prescribing.

Low-risk penicillin allergy delabeling: a scoping review of direct oral challenge practice, implementation, and multi-disciplinary approaches.

Introduction: Penicillin allergy is common, and there is increased clinician interest in direct oral challenge (DOC) as a testing strategy for low-risk penicillin allergy. To aid wider implementation of DOC, consensus definitions of low-risk penicillin allergy phenotypes, and standardized approaches to assessment, DOC procedures, and evaluation, are required.

Areas Covered: This review systematically reviews studies that have utilized penicillin DOC in healthcare settings to identify heterogeneity in implementation approaches and synthesize low-risk definitions, procedures, and evaluation.