Dynamically regulated focal adhesions coordinate endothelial cell remodelling in developing vasculature.

The assembly of a mature vascular network involves coordinated endothelial cell (EC) shape changes, including the process of EC elongation. How EC elongation is dynamically regulated in vivo is not fully understood. Here, we have generated a zebrafish mutant that is deficient for the integrin adaptor protein Talin 1 (Tln1).

Utilising polymorphisms to achieve allele-specific genome editing in zebrafish.

The advent of genome editing has significantly altered genetic research, including research using the zebrafish model. To better understand the selectivity of the commonly used CRISPR/Cas9 system, we investigated single base pair mismatches in target sites and examined how they affect genome editing in the zebrafish model. Using two different zebrafish strains that have been deep sequenced, CRISPR/Cas9 target sites containing polymorphisms between the two strains were identified.

Runx1 Activities in Superficial Zone Chondrocytes, Osteoarthritic Chondrocyte Clones and Response to Mechanical Loading.

Runx1, the hematopoietic lineage determining transcription factor, is present in perichondrium and chondrocytes. Here we addressed Runx1 functions, by examining expression in cartilage during mouse and human osteoarthritis (OA) progression and in response to mechanical loading. Spared and diseased compartments in knees of OA patients and in mice with surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus were examined for changes in expression of Runx1 mRNA (Q-PCR) and protein (immunoblot, immunohistochemistry).

Mechanics of hip arthroscopy.

In this article, the concepts important for hip arthroscopy are reviewed. Room setup, necessary equipment, and the basics of patient positioning are detailed, and the benefits of lateral versus supine positions are evaluated. The placement of common arthroscopic portals and the authors' preferred position and technique for hip arthroscopy are discussed.

Biomechanical effects of harvesting bone graft with the Reamer/Irrigator/Aspirator on the adult femur: a cadaver study.

Objectives: Test the biomechanical properties of femurs that have undergone reaming with the Reamer Irrigator Aspirator (RIA) device with an aim to prove no difference in torsional strength between matched pairs.

Methods: Intact femurs were harvested from embalmed cadavers, representing 19 matched pairs. One femur from each pair was randomly selected to undergo reaming using the RIA to 15 mm.