Posterior Reversible Leucoencephalopathy Syndrome: Case Series, Comments, and Diagnostic Dilemma.

Purpose Of Review: To report a series of patients with clinical and radiological features suggestive of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) related to diverse etiologies emphasizing its pathophysiological basis.

Recent Findings: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) may present with a broad range of clinical symptoms from headache and visual disturbances to seizure and altered mentation. Typical imaging findings include posterior-circulation predominant vasogenic edema.

Hashimoto's Encephalopathy: Case Series and Literature Review.

Purpose Of Review: To describe the clinical manifestations of Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) and discuss its pathogenesis in light of recent research.

Recent Findings: The pathogenesis of HE is uncertain. Available evidences point towards an autoimmune etiology due to vasculitis or other inflammatory process.

A video-based discussion of movement disorders in paediatric anti NMDAR encephalitis: A case series from Eastern India.

Purpose: The spectrum of movement disorders associated with anti N-Methyl-d-Aspartate-Receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is myriad, particularly in children, possibilities of which were investigated from two tertiary care centres.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in two tertiary referral centres in Eastern India, analysing data of 8 paediatric patients diagnosed as anti NMDAR encephalitis, presenting with one or more movement disorders (MDs).

Results: All the patients were of Bengali ethnicity with a median age of 9 years (3-16 years) and with female predilection (62.

Not the Stereotypical Wilson Disease: A Case Report.

Background: Wilson disease (WD), a potentially treatable genetic disorder with perturbations in copper metabolism, presents with hepatic and neuropsychiatric manifestations. Both hyper and hypokinetic movements predominate the latter spectrum. Motor stereotypies, however, are exceedingly rare.

Correlation of ATP7B gene mutations with clinical phenotype and radiological features in Indian Wilson disease patients.

Introduction: Wilson disease (WD) is characterized by a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Our study aimed to correlate genotype with clinical and radiological features in Indian WD patients.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive observational study in a tertiary care neurology referral center of eastern India over a period of 2 years.

Adult-onset Kawasaki disease: A great masquerader.

Kawasaki disease is a necrotising small-to-medium vessel vasculitis affecting children between age groups of 6 months and 5 years. Following the first description in Japanese infants, it has been recognised as the single most common cause of non-infectious vasculitis in children worldwide. Presentation in adult age groups, although described, is rare.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4J with spastic quadriplegia, epilepsy and global developmental delay: a tale of three siblings.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is mainly a disease of peripheral nervous system and patients typically present with features of demyelinating neuropathy or axonal neuropathy or both. Rarely patients present with features of central nervous system involvement. Parkinsonism, aphemia and familial epilepsy syndrome have previously come up as case reports in association with CMT type 4 J.

Spectrum of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab)-associated diseases: an Indian perspective.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab) is involved in the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) demyelination disorders. We aimed to explore the spectrum of MOG-Ab-associated diseases in eastern India. A single-center, prospective observational study was done over a period of 2 years in a tertiary care hospital of eastern India.

Neurological manifestations in children with dengue fever: an Indian perspective.

Ours was a descriptive observational cross-sectional study carried out in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India over a period of one year to study the profile of neurological involvement in paediatric dengue patients. Of 71 laboratory-confirmed cases, 20 (28.17%) had neurological involvement.

Evaluation of malnutrition as a predictor of adverse outcomes in febrile neutropenia associated with paediatric haematological malignancies.

Aim: Malnutrition has been reported in the literature to be adversely associated with outcomes in paediatric malignancies. Our objective in this paper was to evaluate malnutrition as a potential predictor for adverse outcomes in febrile neutropenia associated with haematological malignancies.

Methods: A prospective observational study was performed in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Kolkata, India.

Penile Length and Testicular Volume in Newborns.

Objectives: To measure Penile length (PL) and Testicular volume (TV) in newborn boys for assessing genital abnormalities.

Methods: In a tertiary care setting, measurements of PL and TV were recorded from 480 babies born on alternate days except the weekend, at 24 to 72 h of life by one investigator with the same set of instruments. The penis was stretched to the point of increased resistance and the distance from the tip of the glans penis to the pubic ramus was measured as the stretched PL.

Role of Enteric Supplementation of Probiotics on Late-onset Sepsis by Candida species in Preterm Low Birth Weight Neonates: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.

Background: The increase in invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is jeopardizing the survival of preterm neonates. Probiotics modulating the intestinal microflora of preterm neonates may minimize enteral fungal colonization.

Aims: This study was to examine whether probiotic supplementation in neonates reduced fungal septicemia.

Deep vein thrombosis associated with dengue fever.

Background: Hemorrhagic manifestations are common with Dengue but thrombotic events are uncommonly reported.

Case Characteristics: 11-year-old boy who presented with ileo-femoral deep vein thrombosis associated with serologically confirmed infection with DEN1 dengue virus.

Observation: There was no other history or investigation suggestive of a procoagulant state.

Profile of hepatic involvement by dengue virus in dengue infected children.

Background: The spectrum of liver dysfunction in children with dengue infection is wide and has been associated with disease severity.

Aims: This study was undertaken to estimate the range of hepatic involvement in dengue infection in children.

Materials And Methods: This study assessed the biochemical and clinical profile of hepatic involvement by dengue virus in 120 children with serologically positive dengue fever (DF), aged 2 months to 14 years.