The Influence of Family History of Type 2 Diabetes on Metabolism during Submaximal Aerobic Exercise and in the Recovery Period in Postmenopausal Women.

Aging and family history of type 2 diabetes (T2D) are known risk factors of T2D. Younger first-degree relatives (FDR) of T2D patients have shown early metabolic alterations, which could limit exercise's ability to prevent T2D. Thus, the objective was to determine whether exercise metabolism was altered during submaximal exercise in FDR postmenopausal women.

Increased odds of having the metabolic syndrome with greater fat-free mass: counterintuitive results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database.

Background: It is well established that body composition influences metabolic health, but emerging data are conflicting with the largely purported idea that a large fat-free mass (FFM) has a protective effect on health. A potential explanation for these discrepancies is the way FFM is represented. The first objective is to determine the association between the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and FFM when the latter was represented in three different ways: 1-absolute FFM; 2-relative to squared height (FFMi); and 3-relative to body weight (FFM%).

Exercising for Insulin Sensitivity - Is There a Mechanistic Relationship With Quantitative Changes in Skeletal Muscle Mass?

Skeletal muscle (SM) tissue has been repetitively shown to play a major role in whole-body glucose homeostasis and overall metabolic health. Hence, SM hypertrophy through resistance training (RT) has been suggested to be favorable to glucose homeostasis in different populations, from young healthy to type 2 diabetic (T2D) individuals. While RT has been shown to contribute to improved metabolic health, including insulin sensitivity surrogates, in multiple studies, a universal understanding of a mechanistic explanation is currently lacking.

Should Waist Circumference Cutoffs in the Context of Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Assessment be Specific to Sex, Age, and BMI?

Objective: A sex-specific standard waist circumference (WC) is widely used to determine cardiometabolic risk across ages even though aging impacts the link between fat distribution and cardiometabolic risk. The objective was to propose WC thresholds that better predict metabolic abnormalities according to sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) categories.

Methods: First, receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to identify optimal age (20-49, 50-64, and 65-80 years) and BMI (normal weight, overweight, obese I, and obese II+) specific WC thresholds to correctly identify at-risk individuals, that is, presenting ≥2 cardiometabolic risk factors of metabolic syndrome (n = 23,482; NHANES 2007-2014).

Impact of Mild Hypohydration on Muscle Endurance, Power, and Strength in Healthy, Active Older Men.

Goulet, EDB, Mélançon, MO, Lafrenière, D, Paquin, J, Maltais, M, and Morais, JA. Impact of mild hypohydration on muscle endurance, power, and strength in healthy, active older men. J Strength Cond Res 32(12): 3414-3424, 2018-Under particular circumstances older persons may be vulnerable to developing mild chronic hypohydration.