Three-dimensional printing in orthopaedic surgery: a scoping review.

Three-dimensional printing (3DP) has become more frequently used in surgical specialties in recent years. These uses include pre-operative planning, patient-specific instrumentation (PSI), and patient-specific implant production.The purpose of this review was to understand the current uses of 3DP in orthopaedic surgery, the geographical and temporal trends of its use, and its impact on peri-operative outcomesOne-hundred and eight studies ( = 2328) were included, published between 2012 and 2018, with over half based in China.