Biotics as novel therapeutics in targeting signs of skin ageing via the gut-skin axis.

Skin ageing is a phenomenon resulting from the aggregative changes to skin structure and function and is clinically manifested by physical features such as wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, elastosis, telangiectasia, and deterioration of skin barrier integrity. One of the main drivers of skin ageing, UV radiation, negatively influences the homeostasis of cells and tissues comprising the skin by triggering production of immune-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as a various hormones and neuropeptides. Interestingly, an established link between the gut and the skin coined the 'gut-skin axis' has been demonstrated, with dysbiosis and gut barrier dysfunction frequently observed in certain inflammatory skin conditions and more recently, implicated in skin ageing.

Profile of gut microbiota and serum metabolites associated with metabolic syndrome in a remote island most afflicted by obesity in Japan.

Numerous studies have revealed distinct differences in the profiles of gut microbiota between non-obese and obese individuals. To date, however, little is known if any disparities in the community of gut microbiota exist between metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) subjects. We therefore aimed to comprehensively characterize the gut microbiota and circulating metabolites in serum from both MHO and MUO residing in the remote island, Kumejima, where the prevalence of obesity is one of the highest in Japan, and explored possible correlations between the gut microbiota profile and markers of metabolic syndrome.

Fermented brown rice beverage distinctively modulates the gut microbiota in Okinawans with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial.

Accumulating evidence to date suggests that brown rice is superior to white rice in regard to its beneficial impact on a number of risk factors of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, little is known about the influence of fermented brown rice beverage on the gut microbiota in humans. We therefore hypothesized that its impact would beneficially alter the gut microbiota composition of patients with MetS.

Extra-virgin olive oil and the gut-brain axis: influence on gut microbiota, mucosal immunity, and cardiometabolic and cognitive health.

Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), a popular functional food and major source of fat in the Mediterranean diet, possesses a variety of healthful components, including monounsaturated fatty acids and bioactive phenolic compounds that, individually and collectively, exert beneficial effects on cardiometabolic markers of health and act as neuroprotective agents through their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The gut microbiota and health of the intestinal environment are now considered important factors in the development of obesity, metabolic disease, and even certain neurodegenerative conditions via the gut-brain axis. Recently, data are emerging which demonstrate that the health-promoting benefits of EVOO may also extend to the gut microbiota.

Retrospective exploratory analyses on gender differences in determinants for incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Gender differences in risks for macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been well established. However, the impact of gender differences on diabetic retinopathy (DR) has not been fully elucidated. We therefore retrospectively explored gender-specific determinants for DR in patients with T2DM in a small sized Japanese cohort in Okinawa.