Phytochemical Analysis, Biological Activities, and Docking of Phenolics from Shoot Cultures of L. Transformed by .

transformed shoot lines (TSL) regenerated from corresponding hairy roots and non-transformed shoots (NTS) were comparatively evaluated for their phenolic compound contents and in vitro inhibitory capacity against target enzymes (monoamine oxidase-A, cholinesterases, tyrosinase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipase, and cholesterol esterase). Molecular docking was conducted to assess the contribution of dominant phenolic compounds to the enzyme-inhibitory properties of TSL samples. The TSL extracts represent a rich source of chlorogenic acid, epicatechin and procyanidins, quercetin aglycone and glycosides, anthocyanins, naphthodianthrones, acyl-phloroglucinols, and xanthones.

Phenolic Compound Composition of L. Wild-Growing Plants from Kosovo.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the phenolic components in the flowers and leaves of wild-growing L.

Materials And Methods: Plant materials were collected from eleven localities in Kosovo. Before LC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis, an ultrasonic-assisted method with 70% methanol for 30 min extraction was used.

UHPLC-Q-TOF analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in North-Macedonian honey.

Honey contaminated with pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) could pose a risk for human consumption, being a widely consumed food product. A fast and simple LC/MS method for the analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey was optimised to collect occurrence data. The extraction efficiency was evaluated by a systematic study of multiple solvent mixtures and clean-up procedures.

Plant Growth Regulators and Activated Charcoal Selectively Affect Phenylethanoid and Flavone Glycoside Accumulation in Griseb. Tissue Culture.

Griseb. is a Balkan endemic species traditionally used for the treatment of pulmonary emphysema and angina pectoris. Recent research has also shown its phytotherapeutic potential as an anticancer and neuroprotective agent.

Extraction, Distribution and Diversity of Phenolic Compounds in Most Widespread Boraginaceae Species from Macedonia.

A systematic study of extraction efficiency of polyphenolic compounds from the most widespread Boraginaceae species was carried out. The optimal extraction was achieved with 50 % (V/V) methanol for phenolic acids and flavonoids, 0.2 % (V/V) HCl in 50 % (V/V) methanol for anthocyanins and pure water for flavan-3-ols.

Assessment of Distribution and Diversity of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in the Most Prevalent Boraginaceae Species in Macedonia.

Systematic study of extraction efficiency of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and corresponding pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides (PANOs) from plant material for subsequent LC/MS analysis was carried out. The optimal extraction was achieved with methanol and one clean up step using SPE C18 column. With the optimized LC-ESI-MS/MS method using ion trap, the distribution and diversity of PAs and PANOs in plant material (leaves, flowers and stems) obtained from wild-growing E.

NMR Profiling of North Macedonian and Bulgarian Honeys for Detection of Botanical and Geographical Origin.

Bulgaria and North Macedonia have a long history of the production and use of honey; however, there is an obvious lack of systematic and in-depth research on honey from both countries. The oak honeydew honey is of particular interest, as it is highly valued by consumers because of its health benefits. The aim of this study was to characterize honeydew and floral honeys from Bulgaria and North Macedonia based on their NMR profiles.

Characterization of the Polyphenolic Profiles of Peel, Flesh and Leaves of Malus domestica Cultivars Using UHPLC-DAD-HESI-MS".

Qualitative and quantitative analyses of polyphenols extracted from 21 Malus domestica cultivars using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection coupled to heated electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection was performed for separation of 27 phenolic compounds on a reversed phase UHPLC column with an optimized gradient consisting of 1% formic acid in water and 1% formic acid in methanol within 20 minutes. According to retention times, UV maxima and mass spectra of the peaks in the chromatograms obtained from extracts of apple peel, flesh and leaves, the polypfienolic compounds were identified and quantified. Based on fragmentation patterns, 6 phenolic acids, 5 flavan-3-ols, 5 dihydrochalcones, 8 flavonols and 3 flavone derivatives were characterized in the studied samples.

New insights into the chemistry of Coenzyme Q-0: A voltammetric and spectroscopic study.

Coenzyme Q-0 (CoQ-0) is the only Coenzyme Q lacking an isoprenoid group on the quinoid ring, a feature important for its physico-chemical properties. Here, the redox behavior of CoQ-0 in buffered and non-buffered aqueous media was examined. In buffered aqueous media CoQ-0 redox chemistry can be described by a 2-electron-2-proton redox scheme, characteristic for all benzoquinones.

Flavonoids and Other Phenolic Compounds in Needles of Pinus peuce and Other Pine Species from the Macedonian Flora.

Flavonoids and other phenolic compounds in young needles of four pine species, Pinus peuce, P. nigra, P. mugo and P.

Polyphenols in representative Teucrium species in the flora of R. Macedonia: LC/DAD/ESI-MS(n) profile and content.

In the present work, the polyphenolic profile and content of four Teucrium species (T. chamaedrys L., T.

Phenolic profile of dark-grown and photoperiod-exposed Hypericum perforatum L. Hairy root cultures.

Hypericum perforatum L. is a medicinal plant considered as an important natural source of secondary metabolites with a wide range of pharmacological attributes. Hairy roots (HR) were induced from root segments of in vitro grown seedlings from H.

Chemical characterization of Centaurium erythrea L. and its effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in experimental diabetes.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Centaurium erythrea L. fam. Gentianaceae (CE) has been traditionally used for centuries in folk medicine of Balkans as a bitter medicinal herb for digestive complications and for treating febrile conditions and diabetes.

Assay of urinary excretion of polyphenols after ingestion of a cup of mountain tea (Sideritis scardica) measured by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS.

Flavonoids and phenolic acid metabolites excreted in human urine after ingestion of Sideritis scardica decoction with characterized polyphenolic composition were studied. A feeding study was carried out with 10 human volunteers, and urine samples were collected for 24 h after ingestion of the Sidertis decoction. Polyphenol metabolites were identified and quantified in urine samples by HPLC with tandem mass spectrometric detection.

Hydroxylated derivatives of dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone as redox switchable earth-alkaline metal ligands and radical scavengers.

Benzoquinones (BQ) have important functions in many biological processes. In alkaline environments, BQs can be hydroxylated at quinoid ring proton positions. Very little is known about the chemical reaction leading to these structural transformations as well as about the properties of the obtained hydroxyl benzoquinones.

Evaluation of the ion trap MS performance for quantification of flavonoids and comparison to UV detection.

The application of an ion trap mass spectrometer, usually employed for identification, has been here systematically evaluated for quantitative analysis of various conjugated forms of flavonoids and compared with UV quantification. Three MS methods were tested to assess the potential and limits of the ion trap for quantification of flavonoids: full-scan experiment MS(2) , isolated ion experiment MS, and full-scan experiment MS. The test was performed using nine reference standards of flavonoids with six different aglycones: luteolin, apigenin, hypolaetin, 4'-O-methylhypolaetin, isoscutellarein and 4'-O-methylisoscutellarein in the form of 7-O-glucosides and diglucosides, mono or diacetylated, isolated from Sideritis scardica.