A novel rspA gene regulates biofilm formation and virulence of Salmonella Typhimurium.

Salmonella spp. are facultative anaerobic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria and belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Although much has been known about Salmonella pathogenesis, the functional characterizations of certain genes are yet to be explored.

Pregnancy, infection, and epigenetic regulation: A complex scenario.

A unique immunological condition, pregnancy ensures fetus from maternal rejection, allows adequate fetal development, and protects against microorganisms. Infections during pregnancy may lead to devastating consequences for pregnant women and fetuses, resulting in the mother's death, miscarriage, premature childbirth, or neonate with congenital infection and severe diseases and defects. Epigenetic (heritable changes in gene expression) mechanisms like DNA methylation, chromatin modification, and gene expression modulation during gestation are linked with the number of defects in the fetus and adolescents.

Implications of differences between point-of-care blood gas analyser and laboratory analyser potassium results on hyperkalaemia diagnosis & treatment.

Background: Hyperkalaemia is managed in the emergency department (ED) following measurement of potassium results by blood gas analysers (BGA) or laboratory analysers (LAB).

Aims: To determine the prevalence of clinically significant differences between BGA and LAB potassium results and the impact on ED hyperkalaemia management.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of time-matched ED BGA and LAB potassium samples from 2019 to 2020 (taken within 15 min, one or both results ≥6.

Immune modulations and survival strategies of evolved hypervirulent Salmonella Typhimurium strains.

Background: Evolving multidrug-resistance and hypervirulence in Salmonella is due to multiple host-pathogen, and non-host environmental interactions. Previously we had studied Salmonella adaptation upon repeated exposure in different in-vitro and in-vivo environmental conditions. This study deals with the mechanistic basis of hypervirulence of the passaged hypervirulent Salmonella strains reported previously.