Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a very common disorder that affects the elderly. There are relatively few medications that can be used orally or as a suspension to treat AD. A mucoadhesive (o/w) nano emulsion of mefenamic acid was made by adding Carbopol 940P to the optimised drug nanoemulsion using distilled water as the aqueous phase (6%); Solutol HS: tween 20 (3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of present study was to develop folate receptor targeted lipoprotein-mimetic nanoparticles of resveratrol (RSV). Lipoprotein-mimicking nanocarrier (RSV-FA-LNPs) comprising of phosphatidyl choline, cholesterol, stearyl amine and folic acid-tagged bovine serum albumin (FA-BSA) were prepared. Folic acid was conjugated to bovine serum albumin by amide bond at a binding rate of 9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is an important tool for the treatment of various cutaneous malignant and non-malignant diseases. This therapy involves the application of a photosensitizer to the affected area which is followed by illumination with the light of a particular wavelength resulting in the death of cancerous cells. This review encompasses a brief description of the mechanism of photodynamic therapy and different photosensitizers used clinically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimer's disease (AD), with impairment of learning and memory as the common clinical manifestations, is one of the most challenging diseases affecting individuals, their families and society as a whole. The fact that its prevalence is escalating rapidly, with the total number of AD patients estimated to reach 115.4 million by 2050, has made the disease a very challenging ailment worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Human brain is amongst the most complex organs in human body, and delivery of therapeutic agents across the brain is a tedious task. Existence of blood brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain from invasion of undesirable substances; therefore it hinders the transport of various drugs used for the treatment of different neurological diseases including glioma, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, etc. To surmount this barrier, various approaches have been used such as the use of carrier mediated drug delivery; use of intranasal route, to avoid first pass metabolism; and use of ligands (lactoferrin, apolipoprotein) to transport the drug across the BBB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParkinson's disease is caused due to free radical generation in dopamine neurons leading to oxidative stress induced damage. The aim of this work was to ameliorate the free radical induced oxidative stress in rats by using TPGS (Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate) loaded rutin nanoemulsion after oral administration. For this purpose, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics studies were performed in albino wistar rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent Pat Drug Deliv Formul
September 2020
Efficient delivery of ocular therapeutics with improved efficacy, enhanced bioavailability, and acceptable patient compliance presents unique challenges. This can be attributed to the presence of protective mechanisms, physicobiological barriers, and structural obstacles in the eye. Nanotherapeutic interventions have been explored extensively over the past few years to overcome these limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe structure of the eye is very complex in nature which makes it a challenging task for pharmaceutical researchers to deliver the drug at the desired sites via different routes of administration. The development of the nano-based system helped in delivering the drug in the desired concentration. Improvement in penetration property, bioavailability, and residence time has all been achieved by encapsulating drugs into liposomes, dendrimers, solid lipid nanoparticle, nanostructured lipid carrier, nanoemulsion, and nanosuspension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent Pat Nanotechnol
January 2018
Background: Phytoceuticals have been used extensively worldwide due to their reduced toxicity and therapeutic efficacy. The major drawback associated with their delivery which includes lack of sustained action and lipophilicity has been overcome by applications of scientific approach by scientists and researchers. Novel drug delivery systems aimed at enhancing bioavailability, reducing toxicity and in turn improving the patient compliance have been developed with success in recent times.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Oxidative stress is the leading cause in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Rutin is a naturally occurring strong antioxidant molecule with wide therapeutic applications. It suffers from the problem of low oral bioavailability which is due to its poor aqueous solubility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTopical photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising alternative for malignant skin diseases such as basal-cell carcinoma (BCC), due to its simplicity, enhanced patient compliance, and localization of the residual photosensitivity to the site of application. However, insufficient photosensitizer penetration into the skin is the major issue of concern with topical PDT. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to enable penetration of photosensitizer to the different strata of the skin using a lipid nanocarrier system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNowadays exploration of novel lipid-based formulations is akin to a magnet for researchers worldwide for improving the in vivo performance of highly lipophilic drugs. Over the last few years, new compositions of lipids have been developed, and the probable bioavailability enhancement has been investigated. We reviewed the most recent data dealing with backlogs of conventional lipid-based formulations such as physical instability, limited drug loading capacities, drug expulsion during storage along with all the possible hindrances resulting in poor absorption of highly lipophilic drugs such as P-glycoprotein efflux, extensive metabolism by cytochrome P450 etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pharm Investig
August 2015
Nanotechnology is directed at manipulating matter at the nanometer level and the application of the same to medicine is called nanomedicine. Over the past few years researchers have developed various nanomedicines for diagnosis, prevention as well as cure of various ailments both locally and systemically. In dentistry, drug loaded nanopharmaceuticals based on nanomaterials have been utilized extensively over the past few years to cure dental problems and facilitate attainment of a near-perfect oral hygiene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present work discusses the preparation, characterization and in vivo evaluation of thiolated chitosan nanoparticles (TCS-NPs) of buspirone hydrochloride (BUH) for brain delivery through intranasal route. TCS NPs were prepared by ionic gelation method and characterized for various parameters. The NPs formed were having particle size of 226.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present work was aimed at developing an optimized oral nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) formulation of poorly soluble atorvastatin Ca (AT Ca) and assessing its in vitro release, oral bioavailability and pharmacodynamic activity. In this study, chlorogenic acid, a novel excipient having synergistic cholesterol lowering activity was utilized and explored in NLC formulation development. The drug-loaded NLC formulations were prepared using a high pressure homogenization technique and optimized by the Box-Behnken statistical design using the Design-Expert software.
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