A Pooled Pharmacokinetic Analysis for Piperacillin/Tazobactam Across Different Patient Populations: From Premature Infants to the Elderly.

Background And Objectives: The pharmacokinetics (PK) of piperacillin/tazobactam (PIP/TAZ) is highly variable across different patient populations and there are controversies regarding non-linear elimination as well as the fraction unbound of PIP (f). This has led to a plethora of subgroup-specific models, increasing the risk of misusing published models when optimising dosing regimens. In this study, we aimed to develop a single model to simultaneously describe the PK of PIP/TAZ in diverse patient populations and evaluate the current dosing recommendations by predicting the PK/pharmacodynamics (PD) target attainment throughout life.

Pharmacokinetics of intravenous piperacillin/tazobactam among patients with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis.

Currently, pharmacokinetic information on intravenous (IV) piperacillin/tazobactam in patients with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PD peritonitis) is limited. This study employed a prospective single-dose pharmacokinetic design to assess the pharmacokinetics of IV piperacillin/tazobactam in these patients. Four patients with PD peritonitis who received an IV loading dose of 4000 mg/500 mg piperacillin/tazobactam were enrolled in this study.

Vitamin D status in non-pregnant women of reproductive age: a study in Southern Thailand.

Vitamin D inadequacy is a global problem in all age groups. Although there are various studies of vitamin D status in pregnant women in Southeast Asia, to date there are few studies from Southeast Asia examining vitamin D status in non-pregnant women of reproductive age. To examine the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) in healthy non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Southern Thailand, 120 healthy non-pregnant women aged 18-42 years were enrolled.

Incidence and risk factors of transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity (THOP) is characterized by low thyroxine (T4) levels with normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. This study aimed to determine the incidence and factors associated with THOP.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included neonates who were born before 37 weeks of gestation in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) between April 2017 and December 2020.

Association between anaemia and vitamin D insufficiency among 6- to 12-month-old infants: implications for clinical practice.

Background: Anaemia and vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) are among the most common nutritional problems. Anaemia screening is routinely performed; however, screening for VDI is not usually recommended.

Objectives: To study the association between anaemia and VDI and identify the risk factors for VDI.

Vitamin D Deficiency in Childhood Cancer Survivors: Results from Southern Thailand.

There is limited information on vitamin D deficiency among childhood cancer survivors (CSS), especially in tropical countries. The aims of this study are to determine the prevalence and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in CCSs. This study was conducted at the long-term follow-up clinic for CCSs at Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.

Body-Fat-Percentile Curves for Thai Children and Adolescents.

This study aimed to generate sex-specific percentile curves for the percentage of body fat (PBF) in Thai children using a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The secondary objective of this study was to determine the association between body fat and other anthropometric measurements. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3455 Thai school children aged 6-18 years.

Prevalence and risk factors for vitamin D insufficiency in 6-12-month-old infants: a cross-sectional study in Southern Thailand.

Background: Vitamin D is an essential micronutrient for bone mineralization and bone growth in children. There have been few studies to date of vitamin D status in infants aged 6-12 months in Southeast Asian countries.

Aim: To examine the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (VDI, including vitamin D deficiency) in healthy infants and the risk factors for VDI in southern Thailand.

Case report: Molecular analysis of a 47,XY,+21/46,XX chimera using SNP microarray and review of literature.

Chimerism is a very rare genetic finding in human. Most reported cases have a chi 46,XX/46,XY karyotype. Only three non-twin cases carrying both trisomy 21 and a normal karyotype have been reported, including two cases with a chi 47,XY,+21/46,XX karyotype and a case with a chi 47,XX,+21/46,XY karyotype.

Dietary diversity and micronutrient adequacy among women of reproductive age: a cross-sectional study in Southern Thailand.

Introduction: Adequate nutritional intake of both macronutrients and micronutrients is essential for maintaining good health throughout life, particularly for women of reproductive age (WRA). The Minimum Dietary Diversity for WRA (MDD-W), or the sum of dietary diversity, is recommended as a simple indicator to identify at-risk WRA populations. However, there are no studies on the MDD-W among WRA in Thailand.

Population Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Outcomes of Meropenem in Critically Ill Patients.

Several pathophysiological changes can alter meropenem pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients, thereby increasing the risk of subtherapeutic concentrations and affecting therapeutic outcomes. This study aimed to characterize the population pharmacokinetic (PPK) parameters of meropenem, evaluate the relationship between the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic index of meropenem and treatment outcomes, and evaluate the different dosage regimens that can achieve 40%, 75%, and 100% of the dosing interval for which the free plasma concentrations remain above the MIC of the pathogens () targets. Critically ill adult patients treated with meropenem were recruited for this study.

Impact of therapeutic plasma exchange on meropenem pharmacokinetics.

Study Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) on the plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic (PK) patterns of meropenem.

Design: Prospective, open-label, PK study.

Setting: Academic tertiary care medical center.

Thai Universal Health Care Coverage scheme promotes the accessibility to cleft lip/palate treatment: the result of cleft care provision assessment using modified Geographic Information System.

Background: This study assessed the cleft lip/palate (CL/P) healthcare provision using data from the Thailand National Health Security Office from fiscal years 2012-2016.

Methods: Four national databases of Thailand comprising 1) admitted patient visit, 2) non-admitted patient visit, 3) birth defects registry and 4) civil registration databases were analyzed. All duplicate records were removed by a matching process using national identity number and date of birth prior to data extraction.

No Evidence of Abnormal Expression of Beta-Catenin and Bcl-2 Proteins in Pilomatricoma as One Clinical Feature of Tetrasomy 9p Syndrome.

Background: Little is currently known about the genetics of pilomatricoma. A number of studies have reported some evidence that this disease may have a genetic association with mutations of gene or expression of the beta-catenin protein. In this study, we reviewed literatures involving 30 patients with various genetic syndromes that have been linked to pilomatricoma and found that somatic mutations of the gene were reported in 67% of patients.

Population pharmacokinetics of oral levofloxacin in healthy volunteers and dosing optimization for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis therapy.

Levofloxacin is considered a key component of a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) regimen. However, there is considerable concern regarding the subtherapeutic concentrations of the currently used doses and the development of drug resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the population pharmacokinetics (PPK) of oral levofloxacin in healthy volunteers and to evaluate the probability of target attainment (PTA) in an attempt to optimize the dosing regimens for MDR-TB therapy.

Correlation Between Fragmented QRS and Ventricular Function from Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Patients with Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot.

Fragmented QRS is an abnormal sign in an ECG resulting from ventricular dyssynchrony. The presence of fragmented QRS (fQRS) is related to mortality in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF). This study aimed to analyze the correlations between fQRS and ventricular function parameters from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images.

NONMEM population pharmacokinetics and Monte Carlo dosing simulations of imipenem in critically ill patients with life-threatening severe infections during support with or without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in an intensive care unit.

Study Objectives: The objectives of this study were (i) to determine the population pharmacokinetic (PK) of imipenem in critically ill patients with life-threatening severe infections, (ii) to investigate the impact of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) on the population PK of imipenem during support with ECMO compared to those without ECMO support, and (iii) to assess the probability of target attainment (PTA) for finding the optimal dosage regimens of imipenem in critically ill patients with life-threatening severe infections.

Design: Open-label, PK study.

Setting: Academic tertiary care medical center.

Registry-Based Study of Prevalence of Cleft Lip/Palate in Thailand from 2012 to 2015.

Objective: Two main objectives were established. First objective was to determine the prevalence of the cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P) in Thailand from 2012 to 2015 using the orofacial clefts (OFCs) registry and civil registration. Second objective was to conduct a quality control of this OFC registry especially for the Birth Defects Registration (BDR).

Longitudinal 15-year follow-up of women with former early puberty: abnormal metabolic profiles not associated with earlier age at onset of puberty, but associated with obesity.

Background: In 2011, we described 104 girls who were diagnosed as early puberty (EP) during 2003-2005. In 2019-2020, the former EP women had been followed up 14 years after attaining their final height.

Objective: To determine the reproductive function and metabolic profiles of former EP women.

Pharmacokinetics and Monte Carlo Dosing Simulations of Imipenem in Critically Ill Patients with Life-Threatening Severe Infections During Support with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), a cardiopulmonary bypass device, has been found to increase the profound pathophysiological changes associated with life-threatening severe infections in patients with multiple comorbidities, which results in alterations of pharmacokinetic patterns for antibiotics.

Objectives: The aims of this study were (1) to determine the pharmacokinetics of imipenem and (2) to assess the probability of target attainment (PTA) for imipenem in critically ill patients with life-threatening severe infections during support with ECMO.

Methods: The pharmacokinetic studies were carried out following administration of 0.

Menstrual cycle, reproductive function, body mass index, and metabolic profiles of women with former central precocious puberty: 10-20-year longitudinal cohort study in southern Thailand.

Background In 2011, we described 64 girls diagnosed with central precocious puberty (CPP) during 1995-2009. In 2019, the former CPP patients were 16-30 years of age and had been followed-up for 6-20 years after cessation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) treatment. Objectives To determine the menstrual cycle, reproductive function, and long-term sequelae of the former GnRHa-treated and untreated CPP patients.

Congenital hypothyroidism in preterm infants: a 3- to 8-year longitudinal study in southern Thailand.

Background Preterm infants are at high risk of developing congenital hypothyroidism (CH) due to the immaturity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, loss of iodine supply from the mother and preterm health problems. Objectives To study the incidence and etiologies of CH in preterm infants who were born or admitted in our institute during 2010-2015. Methods The medical records of preterm infants diagnosed with CH as defined by the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level at the time of the first or second screening >10 mU/L and/or free T4 < 1.

Population pharmacokinetics and Monte Carlo simulations of sulbactam to optimize dosage regimens in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by Acinetobacter baumannii.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii remains one of the leading causes of the high mortality rate in critically ill patients. Sulbactam has been considered as an alternative concomitant medication with other effective antimicrobial agents for the treatment of these MDR microorganisms. The aims of this study were (i) to characterize the population pharmacokinetics (PK) and (ii) to assess the efficacy of various dosage regimens of sulbactam in terms of probability of target attainment (PTA).

Pharmacokinetics of Imipenem in Critically Ill Patients with Life-threatening Severe Infections During Support with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has become increasingly used for lifesaving respiratory and/or cardiac failure support in critically ill patients, including those with life-threatening severe infections. This cardiopulmonary bypass device has been shown to enhance the profound pathophysiological changes in this patient population, resulting in an alteration of the pharmacokinetics of antimicrobial agents.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ECMO on the pharmacokinetics of imipenem in critically ill patients supported by this cardiopulmonary bypass device.