[Protection of the population health from electromagnetic hazards - challenges resulting from the implementation of the 5G network planned in Poland].

There is an ongoing discussion about electromagnetic hazards in the context of the new wireless communication technology - the fifth generation (5G) standard. Concerns about safety and health hazards resulting from the influence of the electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by the designed 5G antennas have been raised. In Poland, the level of the population's exposure to EMF is limited to 7 V/m for frequencies above 300 MHz.

[Conditionings of population exposure to electromagnetic fields associated with the rational use of 5G radiocommunication networks in Poland].

In 2017, preparations were made in Poland to provide all citizens with access to the Internet at a speed of at least 30 Mb/s, and at a speed of at least 100 Mb/s for 50% of households. This goal is to be realized, among others, by means of the fifth generation (5G) radio-communication networks. This work presents the assumptions of the 5G network structure and estimates of the level of population exposure toelectromagnetic fields related to their rational use.

An and Evaluation of Biophysical Effects of 27 MHz Electromagnetic Whole Body Humans Exposure Expressed by the Limb Current.

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate correlations between biophysical effects of 27 MHz electromagnetic field exposure in humans (limb induced current (LIC)) and (1) parameters of affecting heterogeneous electric field and (2) body anthropometric properties, in order to improve the evaluation of electromagnetic environmental hazards.

Methods: Biophysical effects of exposure were studied by measurements of LIC in 24 volunteers (at the ankle) standing near radio communication rod antenna and in 4 numerical body phantoms exposed near a model of antenna.

Results: Strong, positive, statistically significant correlations were found in all exposure scenarios between LIC and body volume index (body height multiplied by mass) ( > 0.

Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields in the Polish Armed Forces.

Objectives: Standard devices used by military personnel that may pose electromagnetic hazard include: radars, missile systems, radio navigation systems and radio transceivers. The aim of this study has been to evaluate the exposure of military personnel to electromagnetic fields.

Material And Methods: Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields was analyzed in the work environment of personnel of 204 devices divided into 5 groups (surface-to-air missile system radars, aircraft and helicopters, communication devices, surveillance and height finder radars, airport radars and radio navigation systems).

Influence of electromagnetic field (1800 MHz) on lipid peroxidation in brain, blood, liver and kidney in rats.

Objectives: The aim of this study is the evaluation of the influence of repeated (5 times for 15 min) exposure to electromagnetic field (EMF) of 1800 MHz frequency on tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO) both in normal and inflammatory state, combined with analgesic treatment.

Material And Methods: The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) as the end-product of the lipid peroxidation (LPO) was estimated in blood, liver, kidneys, and brain of Wistar rats, both healthy and those with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced persistent paw inflammation.

Results: The slightly elevated levels of the MDA in blood, kidney, and brain were observed among healthy rats in electromagnetic field (EMF)-exposed groups, treated with tramadol (TRAM/EMF and exposed to the EMF).

Changes in antioxidant capacity of blood due to mutual action of electromagnetic field (1800 MHz) and opioid drug (tramadol) in animal model of persistent inflammatory state.

Background: The biological effects and health implications of electromagnetic field (EMF) associated with cellular mobile telephones and related wireless systems and devices have become a focus of international scientific interest and world-wide public concern. It has also been proved that EMF influences the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in different tissues.

Methods: Experiments were performed in healthy rats and in rats with persistent inflammatory state induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) injection, which was given 24 h before EMF exposure and drug application.

[Metrology of pulse modulated electromagnetic fields with diode-type meters].

Electromagnetic field meters used for occupational and general public health protection are commonly calibrated in the continuous wave conditions, but a large number of medical devices, mobile base station antennas and radars generate pulse modulated fields. The results of an analysis of additional errors of pulse fields measurements by diode-type meters (EMR 200/300, PMM and MEH) are presented in this paper.

[Verification of Polish regulations of maximum permissible intensities in electromagnetic fields by the Commission for Bioelectromagnetic Issues of the Polish Radiation Research Society].

Experts in the field of bioelectromagnetism have reported a growing need to verify Polish regulations on the protection against electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the 0-300 GHz range, especially in their maximal permissible intensities (MPI). There is a general belief that Polish standards do not fully comply with recommendations and directives of the European Union (EU) and that Polish regulations on the border values for environmental and occupational exposure to EMF are not harmonized. To this end, the Commission for Bioelectromagnetic Issues have been set up in the Polish Radiation Research Society.

[Proposed exposure levels of pulse-modulated electromagnetic fields].

Numerous investigations have confirmed the occurrence of various biological effects evoked in humans by pulse microwave radiation emitted from radars or cellular phones. In such exposures, the electromagnetic energy may reach very high values of power density in peak at relatively low time-averaged levels of power density. Up till now, no one has evidenced that the relationship between radiation dose and biological effects has the same correlation function for weak field as well as for a very strong field in peak.