The Role of Adjuvant Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Breast Cancer.

The role of postmastectomy radiotherapy and regional nodal irradiation after radical mastectomy is defined in high-risk patients with locally advanced tumors, positive margins, and unfavorable biology. The benefit of postmastectomy radiotherapy in intermediate-risk patients (T3N0 tumors) remains a matter of controversy. It has been demonstrated that radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery lowers the locoregional recurrence rate compared with surgery alone and improves the overall survival rate.

Autologous dendritic cell-based immunotherapy (DCVAC/LuCa) and carboplatin/paclitaxel in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A randomized, open-label, phase I/II trial.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of an active cellular immunotherapy (DCVAC/LuCa) and chemotherapy in patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: SLU01 was a multicenter, open-label, parallel-group, randomized, phase I/II trial. NSCLC patients were randomized in a ratio of 1:1:1 to receive: DCVAC/LuCa and chemotherapy (carboplatin and paclitaxel; Group A); DCVAC/LuCa, chemotherapy, pegylated interferon-α2b, and hydroxychloroquine (Group B); or chemotherapy alone (Group C).

Image-guided radiation therapy produces lower acute and chronic gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicity in prostate cancer patients.

Purpose: This paper compares individual radiation therapy techniques used for prostate cancer and their benefits in clinical practice.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 921 patients with localized prostate tumors treated between 1997 and 2012. We divided the patients into four groups according to the selected treatment technique (conformal radiation therapy [3DCRT], intensity-modulated radiation therapy [IMRT], image-guided radiation therapy [IGRT], and volumetric-modulated arc therapy [VMAT]) and evaluated the incidence of acute and chronic gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicity.

Controversies of radiotherapy in human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2 positive breast cancer patients.

Tumor biology plays a crucial role in the systemic treatment, specifically in HER2-positive tumors. Distinct biological behavior of breast cancer subtypes is associated with different rates of locoregional recurrence (LRR). HER2- positive breast cancer patients treated with surgery in combination with radiation, without trastuzumab have poor outcome, including high LRR.

Impact of Hormone Receptor Status on the Behaviour of HER2+ Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: The study aimed to evaluate differences in the overall survival of HER2+ breast cancer patients treated with regard to their hormone receptors negativity or positivity. We evaluated a cohort of patients treated with trastuzumab in the Czech Republic.

Patients And Methods: The present study is a retrospective analysis of patients whose data were recorded in a nationwide non-interventional, post-authorisation database BREAST.

Therapeutic significance of hormone receptor positivity in patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer.

Breast cancer with high expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2 represents a biologically and clinically heterogeneous group of neoplastic disorders. Importantly, hormone receptor expression has an effect on biological properties and affects the selection of therapies. On the basis of molecular genetics, four principal subtypes, including luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched (HER-2-E), and basal-like can be distinguished.

Giant locally advanced and metastatic squamous cell skin carcinoma of head and neck region: case report.

Introduction: At the present time, the skin tumors are among the most common cancers. Optimal therapy is based on the extent of the disease and the age of the patient. The need for radiotherapy occurs for inoperable locally advanced tumors and in the event of failure, salvage surgery is applied.

Audio-visual navigation reduces treatment time in deep-inspiration breath hold radiotherapy.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare the treatment times for deep-inspiration breath hold with and without audio-visual (A-V) navigation.

Methods: We measured the real treatment time in 60 patients with breast cancer undergoing postoperative radiotherapy. Thirty consecutive patients were treated without deep-inspiration breath hold (DIBH) and another 30 patients using deep-inspiration breath hold (10 patients with DIBH only, 10 patients with DIBH using visual feedback and 10 patients with DIBH using visual feedback following breath training).

Tumor bed radiotherapy in women following breast conserving surgery for breast cancer-safety margin with/without image guidance.

Image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) enables the achievement of higher precision in radiation delivery, a reduction in safety margins and a reduced risk of toxicity in healthy tissues. The present study investigated the magnitude of safety margins for the radiation boost setup on skin marks or metal clips implanted into the tumor bed during breast cancer surgery. One hundred eighty-four patients after breast conserving surgery with implanted metal clips into tumor bed were analyzed.

Interfraction variation in prostate cancer - analysis of 11726 cone-beam CT.

Purpose: To investigate the setup margins in prostate cancer treatment without using daily online repositioning methods.

Methods: We analysed the data from patients treated with curative-intend radiotherapy. Each patient underwent a series of pretreatment online localizations during daily setup using conebeam CT.

Comparing morbidity and cancer control after 3D-conformal (70/74 Gy) and intensity modulated radiotherapy (78/82 Gy) for prostate cancer.

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to compare toxicity and cancer control between patients with prostate cancer treated using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and those treated using intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).

Methods And Materials: A total of 553 patients with prostate cancer were treated with 3D-CRT 70-74 Gy (3D-CRT 70, 3D-CRT 74) or IMRT 78-82 Gy (IMRT 78, IMRT/SIB 82). Late toxicity was scored according to FC-RTOG/LENT criteria.

Searching for an appropriate image-guided radiotherapy method in prostate cancer--implications for safety margin.

Aims And Background: The aim of the study was to compare the safety margin width using skin marks, pelvic skeleton-based targeting and adaptive protocol combining cone-beam computed tomography and kilovoltage image matching.

Methods: A total of 434 consecutive patients were treated by image-guided radiotherapy from November 2008 to April 2012. An adaptive protocol combining cone-beam computed tomography and kilovoltage image matching with individualized safety margin calculation according to the Van Herk method was used in a total of 201 patients.

Statistical analysis of dose-volume profiles and its implication for radiation therapy planning in prostate carcinoma.

Purpose: The study aimed to analyze the dose-volume profiles of 3-dimensional radiation therapy (3D-CRT) and intensity modulated RT (IMRT) in the treatment of prostate carcinoma and to specify the profiles responsible for the development of gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity.

Methods And Materials: In the period 1997 to 2007, 483 patients with prostate carcinoma in stage T1-3 N0 (pN0) M0 were treated with definitive RT. Two groups of patients were defined for the analysis: the 3D-CRT group (n=305 patients) and the IMRT group (n=178 patients).

MRI-based preplanning using CT and MRI data fusion in patients with cervical cancer treated with 3D-based brachytherapy: feasibility and accuracy study.

Purpose: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-assisted radiation treatment planning enables enhanced target contouring. The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility and accuracy of computed tomography (CT) and MRI data fusion for MRI-based treatment planning in an institution where an MRI scanner is not available in the radiotherapy department.

Methods And Materials: The registration inaccuracy of applicators and soft tissue was assessed in 42 applications with CT/MRI data fusion.

Late toxicity after conformal and intensity-modulated radiation therapy for prostate cancer: impact of previous surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Objectives: To retrospectively compare late toxicity of conventional-dose three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) and high-dose intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for prostate cancer.

Methods: A total of 340 patients with T1-3 prostate cancer were treated with 3D-CRT (n = 228) and IMRT (n = 112). The median follow-up time was 5.

Dose escalation in prostate radiotherapy up to 82 Gy using simultaneous integrated boost: direct comparison of acute and late toxicity with 3D-CRT 74 Gy and IMRT 78 Gy.

Purpose: To compare acute and late toxicity after three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy to the prostate to 74 Gy (3D-CRT) with intensity-modulated radiotherapy to 78 Gy (IMRT 78) and IMRT using simultaneous integrated boost to 82 Gy (IMRT/SIB 82).

Patients And Methods: 94 patients treated with 3D-CRT to the prostate and base of seminal vesicles to 74 Gy represented the first group. The second group consisted of 138 patients subjected to IMRT covering the prostate and base of seminal vesicles to 78 Gy.